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Air Warfare
Swedish Air Force faces up to the challenge of new aircraft and an uncrewed horizon
31st August 2026
Sweden is an outlier as a smaller nation with its own indigenous fighter aircraft and airborne early warning platform and is now looking at how local company Saab Aerospace can meet the plans for a collaborative combat aircraft.
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Land Warfare
Land forces review: Tanks, trucks and IFVs dominate but woes remain for Ajax
29th January 2026
This year has begun with main battle tanks taking the lead while orders for large logistics and support vehicles continued from last year. Additionally, two of the British Army’s most significant contracted vehicle programmes, Ajax reconnaissance vehicle and Challenger 3 tank, continued to make news in January.
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Land Warfare
Rheinmetall’s Lynx XM30 to go to “shakedown testing” ahead of its delivery to the US Army
8th May 2026
The first Lynx XM30 platforms are in the final stages of construction and integration, to be handed over to the US Army in the coming months. Shephard caught up with Rheinmetall to find out more about the programme's progress.
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Land Warfare
Active vehicle protection comes to the forefront as Trophy and Iron Fist secure contracts
16th February 2026
Experience on the battlefield is accelerating the adoption of active protection systems as technologies continue to evolve to reflect shifting global defence needs.
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Land Warfare
Australia’s DroneShield looks to Europe in a drive to massively increase production
12th March 2026
DroneShield has experienced significant growth in a short period of time, more than doubling its personnel to 500 people in the space of 18 months on the back of both military and civil demand.
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Land Warfare
2025 land market review: British Army woes, European heavy armour and US MBT progress
18th December 2025
The last year has seen several major procurements in the land market. Shephard’s Dr Peter Magill reviews the main trends and themes in land procurement of 2025.
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Defence Notes
US seeks 32% boost for missile defence budget with $23 billion earmarked for interceptors
22nd April 2026
The Pentagon’s proposed budget for the next fiscal year includes an impressive increase in the procurement of interceptors, with the number of the US Army’s PAC-3 MSE rounds expanding by 683%, the US Navy’s Standard Missile by 365% and the MDA’s SM-3 IIA by more than 1,000%.
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Naval Warfare
Seoul’s SSN programme launch raises questions on fuel, tech and build location
28th May 2026
Seoul has unveiled its “Jangbogo-N Project” to develop domestically built, nuclear-propelled attack submarines in close coordination with Washington, marking an escalation of the Republic of Korea’s deterrence posture against Pyongyang’s undersea nuclear capabilities.
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Naval Warfare
Baltic naval priorities shift towards mine warfare and versatile platforms
17th July 2026
Baltic states are investing in mine warfare, uncrewed systems and multirole platforms as major warship purchases remain scarce, industry sources indicate.
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Land Warfare
UK Defence Investment Plan: What does it mean for the British Army?
30th June 2026
The UK’s Defence Investment Plan splurges big for future air and naval programmes, including new hybrid ships, but there are fewer big-ticket items for British Army vehicles. Shephard’s Damian Kemp looks at the much delayed plan.
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Naval Warfare
Spain’s F100 upgrade mirrors Aegis modernisation paths in allied navies
2nd February 2026
The Spanish Navy’s Alvaro de Bazan-class of air defence frigates will receive the latest Aegis Weapon System technology among other modernisations to extend the service life to 2045.
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Land Warfare
Rheinmetall looks to international partners as its sales grow
6th November 2025
Rheinmetall has been riding high for several years as countries look to buy artillery and budgets boom.
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Defence Notes
Canada set to look away from its neighbour and across the Atlantic for partners
5th December 2025
While non-EU UK struggles to join the Security Action for Europe initiative, which provides loans for defence programmes, Canada has become the first country outside Europe to get access – and did so for a nominal fee.
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Land Warfare
Rheinmetall and KNDS tank tie-up narrows trans-European options
18th December 2025
The French and German governments signed an agreement in June 2018 to cooperate on the development of a new main battle tank under the Main Ground Combat System programme but the effort has struggled. This new agreement may damage it further.
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Land Warfare
SAHA 2026: Armour, artillery and autonomous systems on display
12th May 2026
The array of platforms on display at SAHA 2026 showcased the diversity of equipment now provided by the Turkish defence industry.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
Land 400 Phase 3 (Logistics, Ammunition Carrier and Mortar Carrier Variants) [Australia]
Programme Background The Australian DoD released the initial RfI for the Land 400 Phase 3 programme in November 2015. Following consultations with local industry, the ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
Land 400 Phase 3 (Amphibious Vehicles) [Australia]
Programme Background The Australian DoD released the initial RfI for the Land 400 Phase 3 programme in November 2015. Following consultations with local industry, the ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A2 SEPv3 Abrams [Poland]
Background Requirement Since the early 2010s, Poland has wanted to upgrade its Soviet-era tank fleet due to modernisation requirements, the need to increase interoperability with NATO ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - micro
Drone40 (Ukraine Aid) [Australia]
Programme Background In August 2022, the Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI), a think tank, held a podcast with Ukraine's ambassador to Australia, Vasyl Myroshnychenko, in which ...
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Landing craft and hovercraft
Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel - Medium (Project Land 8710 Phase 1A) [Australia]
Background Requirements Australia has set out requirements for a fleet of up to 18 Littoral Manoeuvre Vessels - Medium (LMV-M) with the release of a ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
Land 400 Phase 2 - Boxer CRV [Australia]
Programme Background History The Land 400 Phase 2 programme will procure a replacement for the ASLAV, a derivative of the General Dynamics Land Systems Light Armoured Vehicle ...
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Main battle tanks
Viatura Blindada de Combate-Carro de Combate (VBC-CC) [Brazil]
Programme Background Several key technical requirements have been outlined by the Brazilian MoD. Among the most important are that the platform should weigh less than ...
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Main battle tanks
Leopard 2A4 [Czech Republic]
Programme Background The Czech Republic currently operates a small fleet of T-72s, which, while undergoing upgrades and life extension programmes, are increasingly obsolete. In October ...
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Submarines: nuclear/attack
Second Hand SSNs [Australia]
Programme background Timeline In September 2021, it was announced in a trilateral announcement between Australia, the US and the UK that Australia, in a shock ...
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Self-propelled rocket launchers
HIMARS (Batch 2) [Australia]
Programme background Prior to selecting HIMARS in January 2023, Australia did not operate an MLRS system. However, the effectiveness of Ukrainian HIMARS convinced the Australian government ...
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Medium UGVs
Mission Master (RPV Sprial 2) [UK]
Background First announced in April 2017 and referred to in early MOD documents as the ‘last mile resupply’ initiative, the British Army is reportedly evaluating ...
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Military - USVs
Bluebottle USV (16-55) [Australia]
Programme Background Timeline The RAN purchased a number of the 6.8m-long Bluebottles, including five under an A$4.9 million ($3.3 million) contract signed in November 2022. ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
Project Land 400 Phase 3 [Australia]
Programme Background Requirement: 2015 RfI The Land 400 Phase 3 programme will procure a new tracked IFV to replace the Australian Army's legacy fleet of ...
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Military UAS - MALE
Project Air 7003 [Australia]
Programme Background Requirement The Royal Australian Air Force has been without a UAS capability since the Heron was withdrawn in mid-2017. According to Defence Minister Linda Reynolds, ...
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Submarines: nuclear/attack
AUKUS-SSNs (1-5) [Australia]
Programme Background AUKUS Australia announced on 16 September 2021 that the contract with Naval Group signed in 2016 had been cancelled. Although not a surprising ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
Carl-Gustaf M3
The Carl-Gustaf M3 is the third generation of the 84mm shoulder-fired recoilless antitank gun, first fielded by the Swedish Army in 1946. Since then, it ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120mm KE DM63 / DM53 A1 Tank Ammunition
The 120mm kinetic energy tank ammunition is manufactured by Rheinmetall. There are several variations of the ammunition, including the DM63, which can be fired from ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120MM HEAT-TP F1A
Franco-German KNDS-Nexter produce the 120mm High-Explosive Anti-Tank Training-Purpose F1A (HEAT-TP F1A) round to enable reduced-cost training for Main Battle Tank crews.
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Main battle tanks
M1/M1A1 Abrams
The 105mm-armed M1 Abrams tracked MBT was introduced into US Army service in 1980 as a replacement for the 105mm-armed M60 MBT. In April 1991, ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120mm PELE Tank Ammunition
The 120mm Penetrator with Enhanced Lateral Effect (PELE) tank ammunition is an inert round produced by Rheinmetall. It is suitable for use against semi-hard targets ...
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Light mortars
60mm Mortar Ammunition
US-based LD Systems' 60mm Mortar ammunition fulfils the NATO standard for lightweight mortar ammunition.
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
120mm L55A1
The 120mm L55A1 is a smoothbore high-pressure gun based on the L55 tank gun. The L55A1 has been qualified and in service since 2019. It ...
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Naval: RF/IR/acoustic decoys
Nulka
The Nulka is an active anti-ship missile decoy originally conceived in Australia, and developed under a joint Australian-US programme. BAE Systems Australia is prime contractor, while ...
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
120mm L55 Tank Gun
The 120mm L55 is a smoothbore tank gun produced by Rheinmetall. It is designed for use on the Leopard main battle tank, to which it ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
M1147 Advanced Multi-Purpose (AMP)
The M1147 Advanced Multi-Purpose (AMP) is a 120mm tank round developed by Northrop Grumman Defence Systems. Various customers, including Bahrain, Israel, and the US, use the tank ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A2 SEPv3
The M1A2 System Enhancement Package 3 (M1A2 SEPv3, also known as M1A2C) is the latest production-standard variant of the Abrams MBT. Designed primarily to address ...
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Land: RWS
R400 Slinger
The R400 Slinger is a counter-uncrewed aerial system (C-UAS) remote weapon system (RWS) being developed in Australia. The development is a response to growing international ...
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Unguided Medium Calibre Ammunition
Next Generation Combat Vehicle Ammunition
The Next Generation Combat Vehicle Ammunition (NGVA) is a family of ammunition being developed by the US Army's Armaments Center and manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems ...
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Land: tactical engagement simulators
CVTESS
Saab's Combat Vehicle Tactical Engagement Simulation System (CVTESS) is a laser-based simulator which supports every version of the Abrams Main Battle Tank and the Bradley ...
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Submarines: nuclear/attack
SSN AUKUS
The SSN-AUKUS will be the submarine design resulting from the AUKUS trilateral pact between Australia, the US and the UK. Expected to incorporate technology from ...
