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Naval Warfare
SAHA 2026: Turkey markets modular undersea systems to European buyers
13th May 2026
Turkey’s defence industry is pushing a class of platform and building an entire philosophy of cost-imposition around it.
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Defence Notes
Golden Dome for America hits one-year mark but key questions remain on its progress
26th February 2026
Integration issues, bureaucracy and undefined policies and authorities could hamper the full implementation of the “shield” to defend the US territory against aerial threats.
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Land Warfare
HIMARS arrive in Hawaii as first multinational launch in Australia takes place
18th July 2025
The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) launcher is in high demand with Lockheed Martin doubling speed of manufacture since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. As orders are racked up in Europe, the Indo-Pacific region is seeing the increasing presence of the system.
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Digital Battlespace
Artificial intelligence: the hope, the hype and the real-world reality
20th July 2026
Artificial intelligence has supported C2 systems and decision-making for more than two decades. It has gradually built up a head of steam in the 2020s, but what is it achieving today and what role could it play in the future?
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Land Warfare
Canada looking to expedite purchase of armoured fighting vehicle and a new tank
26th January 2026
Canada is improving its Leopard main battle tank fleet but before this is fully completed, it is expected to begin looking for new vehicles.
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Land Warfare
IDEF 2025: FNSS reveal new tracked fire support and reconnaissance vehicle
21st July 2025
FNSS Kaplan Fire Support and Reconnaissance Vehicle (FRSV) is based on the chassis of the Kaplan Medium Tank (MT) and is armed with a Northrop Grumman 30 mm MK44 dual feed gun.
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Land Warfare
New Type 100 AFVs help China leapfrog ahead of other Western concepts
19th September 2025
China’s fourth-generation armoured fighting vehicles (AFVs) have pulled ahead of international analogues in their concept of operations, but questions remain about the reliability of their advanced technologies further down the line.
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Naval Warfare
Half of Australia’s first Hunter frigate is now in fabrication
29th September 2025
BAE Systems Maritime Australia’s Andy Coxall gave Shephard a progress update on its HMAS Hunter frigate, while addressing concerns over the cost difference between Australia’s programme and Norway’s.
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Naval Warfare
Naval Group’s Barracuda bid could deepen Franco-Greek naval alignment
9th April 2026
As the Hellenic Navy looks to replace its ageing submarines with a next-generation fleet, other likely contenders for the programme include TKMS, Saab, Fincantieri, Navantia and Hanwha Ocean.
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Land Warfare
Light tanks for Slovakia – cost-effective alternative or false economy?
26th September 2025
Slovakia is currently considering replacing its Soviet era main battle tanks (MBTs) with lighter alternatives. However, the lower cost of these platforms may prove to be a false economy if they cannot compete with true MBTs.
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Air Warfare
Singapore Airshow 2026: Rafael highlights tailored effector solutions for different operational needs
10th February 2026
Shephard spoke with Rafael’s CEO about the company’s effector offerings as well as his perspective on one-way attack drones.
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Digital Battlespace
Thales looks to boost DigitalCrew system through AI and human-machine teaming trials
22nd January 2026
The Thales DigitalCrew package, first unveiled at last year’s Defence IQ International Armoured Vehicles conference, is designed to merge imaging and apply a layer of decision-making and observation algorithms to support crew and other personnel.
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Land Warfare
Lithuanian 1st Division to achieve initial operating capability in 2026
9th December 2025
Lithuania is one of the countries stepping up its defences in the face of the war in Ukraine with a particular focus on its neighbour and Russian ally Belarus, which has been making incursions into Lithuania’s airspace with balloons and drones.
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Naval Warfare
UK Royal Navy shifts focus from warships to system-led warfare
29th June 2026
With a revised Defence Investment Plan on the way ahead of the upcoming NATO Summit on 7-8 July, the UK government has begun to reveal more details of how its future naval fleet could look.
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Naval Warfare
Anduril Australia wins A$1.7 billion Ghost Shark XL-AUV contract
10th September 2025
The vessels are expected to deliver a major boost to Australia’s undersea warfare capabilities, with production set to start immediately.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
Land 400 Phase 3 (Logistics, Ammunition Carrier and Mortar Carrier Variants) [Australia]
Programme Background The Australian DoD released the initial RfI for the Land 400 Phase 3 programme in November 2015. Following consultations with local industry, the ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
Land 400 Phase 3 (Amphibious Vehicles) [Australia]
Programme Background The Australian DoD released the initial RfI for the Land 400 Phase 3 programme in November 2015. Following consultations with local industry, the ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Drone40 (Ukraine Aid) [Australia]
Programme Background In August 2022, the Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI), a think tank, held a podcast with Ukraine's ambassador to Australia, Vasyl Myroshnychenko, in which ...
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Landing craft and hovercraft
Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel - Medium (Project Land 8710 Phase 1A) [Australia]
Programme Background Requirements Australia has set out requirements for a fleet of up to 18 Littoral Manoeuvre Vessels - Medium (LMV-M) with the release of ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A2 SEPv3 Abrams [Poland]
Programme Background Requirement Since the early 2010s Poland wanted to upgrade its Soviet-era tank fleet due to modernisation requirements, the need to increase interoperability with NATO ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
Land 400 Phase 2 - Boxer CRV [Australia]
Programme Background History The Land 400 Phase 2 programme will procure a replacement for the ASLAV, a derivative of the General Dynamics Land Systems Light Armoured Vehicle ...
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Main battle tanks
Leopard 2A4 [Czech Republic]
Programme Background The Czech Republic currently operates a small fleet of T-72s, which, while undergoing upgrades and life extension programmes, are increasingly obsolete. In October ...
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Submarines: nuclear/attack
Second Hand SSNs [Australia]
Programme Background Timeline In September 2021, it was announced in a trilateral announcement between Australia, the US and the UK that Australia, in a shock ...
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Main battle tanks
Viatura Blindada de Combate-Carro de Combate (VBC-CC) [Brazil]
Programme Background Several key technical requirements have been outlined by the Brazilian MoD. Among the most important are that the platform should weigh less than ...
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Naval: Combat Management Systems
Naval: Combat Management Systems | AUKUS-SSNs (1-5) [Australia]
In September 2021, it was announced in a trilateral announcement between Australia, the US and the UK that Australia, in a shock move, will not ...
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Naval: shipboard communication systems
Naval: shipboard communication systems | AUKUS-SSNs (1-5) [Australia]
In September 2021, it was announced in a trilateral announcement between Australia, the US and the UK that Australia, in a shock move, will not ...
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Self-propelled rocket launchers
HIMARS (Batch 2) [Australia]
Programme background Prior to selecting HIMARS in January 2023, Australia did not operate an MLRS system. However, the effectiveness of Ukrainian HIMARS convinced the Australian government ...
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Military - USVs
Bluebottle USV (16-55) [Australia]
Programme Background Timeline The RAN purchased a number of the 6.8m-long Bluebottles, including five under an A$4.9 million ($3.3 million) contract signed in November 2022. ...
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Medium UGVs
Mission Master (RPV Sprial 2) [UK]
Background First announced in April 2017 and referred to in early MOD documents as the ‘last mile resupply’ initiative, the British Army is reportedly evaluating ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A1 Abrams (Ukraine Aid) [Australia]
Programme Background Since the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Australia has been amongst the various Western allies providing Ukraine with military aid. Prior ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
Carl-Gustaf M3
The Carl-Gustaf M3 is the third generation of the 84mm shoulder-fired recoilless antitank gun, first fielded by the Swedish Army in 1946. Since then, it ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120mm KE DM63 / DM53 A1 Tank Ammunition
The 120mm kinetic energy tank ammunition is manufactured by Rheinmetall. There are several variations of the ammunition, including the DM63, which can be fired from ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120MM HEAT-TP F1A
Franco-German KNDS-Nexter produce the 120mm High-Explosive Anti-Tank Training-Purpose F1A (HEAT-TP F1A) round to enable reduced-cost training for Main Battle Tank crews.
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Main battle tanks
M1/M1A1 Abrams
The 105mm-armed M1 Abrams tracked MBT was introduced into US Army service in 1980 as a replacement for the 105mm-armed M60 MBT. In April 1991, ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120mm PELE Tank Ammunition
The 120mm Penetrator with Enhanced Lateral Effect (PELE) tank ammunition is an inert round produced by Rheinmetall. It is suitable for use against semi-hard targets ...
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Light mortars
60mm Mortar Ammunition
US-based LD Systems' 60mm Mortar ammunition fulfils the NATO standard for lightweight mortar ammunition.
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
120mm L55A1
The 120mm L55A1 is a smoothbore high-pressure gun based on the L55 tank gun. The L55A1 has been qualified and in service since 2019. It ...
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Naval: RF/IR/acoustic decoys
Nulka
The Nulka is an active anti-ship missile decoy originally conceived in Australia, and developed under a joint Australian-US programme. BAE Systems Australia is prime contractor, while ...
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
120mm L55 Tank Gun
The 120mm L55 is a smoothbore tank gun produced by Rheinmetall. It is designed for use on the Leopard main battle tank, to which it ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A2 SEPv3
The M1A2 System Enhancement Package 3 (M1A2 SEPv3, also known as M1A2C) is the latest production-standard variant of the Abrams MBT. Designed primarily to address ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
M1147 Advanced Multi-Purpose (AMP)
The M1147 Advanced Multi-Purpose (AMP) is a 120mm tank round developed by Northrop Grumman Defence Systems. Various customers, including Bahrain, Israel, and the US, use the tank ...
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Unguided Medium Calibre Ammunition
Next Generation Combat Vehicle Ammunition
The Next Generation Combat Vehicle Ammunition (NGVA) is a family of ammunition being developed by the US Army's Armaments Center and manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems ...
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Land: tactical engagement simulators
CVTESS
Saab's Combat Vehicle Tactical Engagement Simulation System (CVTESS) is a laser-based simulator which supports every version of the Abrams Main Battle Tank and the Bradley ...
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Submarines: nuclear/attack
SSN AUKUS
The SSN-AUKUS will be the submarine design resulting from the AUKUS trilateral pact between Australia, the US and the UK. Expected to incorporate technology from ...
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
Spike LR2
The Spike LR2 (also known as NT-S) is Rafael's fifth-generation anti-tank guided missile system. It is a long-range, multi-purpose, multi-platform weapon designed for infantry, armored ...
