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Land Warfare
Beleaguered Ajax programme moves on with new, much later, in-service dates
20th March 2023
The UK's Ajax armoured vehicle programme faces further delays, with platforms not entering service until 2025 and full operating capability not until 2028-29, causing concern for the British Army's modernisation plans.
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Land Warfare
Advanced Panther tanks could be supplied to Ukraine
9th February 2023
The KF51 Panther was unveiled last year at Eurosatory in Paris and sports a 130mm main gun.
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Training
W5 Solutions contracted to support Swedish tank and vehicle sims
3rd February 2023
W5 Solutions will ensure reliability and availability of Swedish tank and vehicle egress simulators.
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Land Warfare
Germany explores new options for future armoured vehicles
31st January 2023
Germany has a range of requirements for additional or replacement armoured vehicles over the next decade. Shephard analyses how the German Army might use its share of the country's highly publicised €100 billion defence spending boost.
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Land Warfare
Germany explores new options for future armoured vehicles
31st January 2023
Germany has a range of requirements for additional or replacement armoured vehicles over the next decade. Shephard analyses how the German Army might use its share of the country's highly publicised €100 billion defence spending boost.
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Land Warfare
IDEX 2023: US extends M1 Abrams tank support for MENA operators
15th February 2023
General Dynamics Land Systems has been awarded additional Foreign Military Sales funds to extend technical support work for M1 Abrams tanks operated by Egypt, Morocco, Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
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Air Warfare
What would supplying Western fighter jets mean for Ukraine?
22nd February 2023
The country currently operates a Soviet-era fleet of fast jets, including Su-24s, Su-25s, Su-27s and MiG-29s that have been in service for over 20 years.
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Land Warfare
Norway wants to add long-range fires after Leopard tank buy
9th February 2023
In addition to purchasing 54 Leopard 2 A7V MBTs, Norway is now preparing procurement of long-range fires with initial deliveries scheduled for 2026.
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Land Warfare
Italy reveals future armoured vehicle upgrade plans
27th January 2023
Italy plans a mixture of upgrades and new acquisitions to refresh its ground combat capabilities.
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Training
Elbit to provide tank sims and training centre for Israel
5th January 2023
The main battle tank training centres Elbit Systems will provide to the Israeli Defence Forces will train commanders and soldiers on a variety of modern equipment.
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Land Warfare
Czech Republic receives the first Leopard 2A4
26th December 2022
The vehicle was delivered by the German MoD to replace armoured platforms the Czech Government donated to Ukraine.
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Land Warfare
How Ukraine Leopard tank breakthrough opens new offensive options for Kyiv
27th January 2023
With donations of Leopard 2, Challenger 2 and M1 Abrams tanks to Ukraine all now confirmed, Shephard Defence Insight analyses the implications for the conflict and the NATO nations supplying Kyiv with MBTs.
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Land Warfare
US Abrams tanks will take 'months' to arrive in Ukraine
27th January 2023
As the Pentagon does not have any surplus Abrams tanks in its inventory, it is analysing the best ways to supply Kyiv.
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Land Warfare
Rheinmetall predicts NATO demand for hundreds of Panther KF51 tanks
13th December 2022
Germany's Rheinmetall has identified opportunities to sell 500 to 800 KF51 Panther MBTs to NATO members through to the mid-2030s.
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Training
Challenger and Leopard tanks come with potential pitfalls for Ukraine
19th January 2023
British and German main battle tank models could make a difference to Ukraine's combat capabilities if provided in sufficient numbers, but training on and integration of the vehicles may cause headaches for Kyiv.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Main battle tanks
Peru T-55 MBT Replacement
Programme Background Peru received 280 T-55 MBTs from the Soviet Union during the 1970s. Despite their age, these tanks continue to see service, alongside even ...
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Main battle tanks
MBT [Tunisia]
Programme Background The Tunisian MoD has not disclosed any intention to modernise or replace its M60A3s, but an unconfirmed report published by Tactical Report in January ...
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Main battle tanks
New MBT [Spain]
Programme Background One of the long-term needs identified in the Spanish Army's Force 2035 modernisation plan is a next-generation MBT. To this end, the Spanish ...
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Main battle tanks
New MBT [Belgium]
Programme Background Belgium formally retired its MBT capability in 2014, when it took the last of its 132 KMW Leopard 1A5BE MBTs out of service. ...
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Main battle tanks
PETEF - MBT
The Colombian Army has evaluated several offers for MBT platforms in the past, though none of these have progressed to the formal contract stage. For ...
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Main battle tanks
New MBT [Romania]
Programme Background Requirement The Romanian Army's MBT fleet is composed of T-55 variants that are due to be retired in the mid-2020s. Although Romania's TR-85 ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A2 Abrams SEPv3 [Romania]
Programme Background Requirement The Romanian Army's MBT fleet is composed of T-55 variants that are due to be retired in the mid-2020s. Although Romania's TR-85 ...
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Main battle tanks
C1 Ariete Replacement [Italy]
Programme Background Background Following nearly 20 years of service within the Italian Army, the C1 Ariete MBT is due for an upgrade or replacement. Suffering ...
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Main battle tanks
Botswana K2 MBT
Programme Background The only indication that the Botswana Ground Force was considering the acquisition of the K2 MBT came from a report in Botswana's The ...
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Main battle tanks
Saudi Arabia New MBT
Programme Background Between 1993 and 1994, 315 M1A2 Abrams MBTs were delivered to Saudi Arabia as part of a US$1.5 billion deal with the US. ...
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Main battle tanks
MBT replacement [Slovenia]
Programme Background When Slovenia became independent in 1991, it inherited 54 M-84 MBTs from the former Yugoslav National Army. In the years after independence, the Slovenian ...
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Main battle tanks
Leclerc Upgrade (UAE)
Programme Background The UAE MoD has not disclosed any intention to modernise or replace its Leclerc MBTs, but an unconfirmed report published by the Asian Defence ...
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Main battle tanks
VT4 Haider (Pakistan)
Programme Background Pakistan appears to have commenced its programme to acquire a new military off-the-shelf MBT in 2015, when several MBT designs were tested under ...
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Main battle tanks
MBT [Egypt]
Programme Background The Egyptian Army operates a vast number of MBTs, including 1,130 General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS) M1A1 Abrams assembled in fits and starts between 1984 ...
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Main battle tanks
Wilk
Programme Background The Wilk programme was included in the Polish MoDs Technical Modernisation Plan of the Polish Armed Forces for 2021-2035. It was primarily aimed ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Main battle tanks
MBT-2000
Norinco originally developed the Type 90-II for China's People's Liberation Army (PLA), but when it was not selected by the PLA, it continued to develop and ...
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Land: vehicle simulators
MBT-S
The DynaSim Main Battle Tank Simulator (MBT-S) is a medium-fidelity training system for crews and platoon/company commanders. It provides interoperable simultaneous tactical training of multiple ...
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
130 mm MBT gun
The 130mm L/52 main battle tank (MBT) gun is produced by Rheinmetall and forms part of the company’s Future Gun System. The L/52 is compatible ...
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Main battle tanks
Al-Khalid/Al-Khalid-I
In 1990, China and Pakistan agreed to jointly develop a new MBT which would be manufactured by HIT for the Pakistan Army. The Al-Khalid is ...
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Light tanks
Type 100 Tank
Officially unveiled at the September 2025 V-Day parade, the Type 100 Tank is claimed by China to be a fourth-generation Main Battle Tank (MBT), making ...
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Land: vehicle surveillance/target acquisition systems
GPTTS
Deployed on the Korean K1 MBT, the Gunner’s Primary Tank Thermal Sight (GPTTS) is an integrated FCS that combines direct-view optics, a Gen I 120-channel ...
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Land: vehicle surveillance/target acquisition systems
ELRF M1/LRFD M1
The ELRF M1 eyesafe laser range finder (LRF) and the LRFD M1 LRF/designator both bolt onto the gunner’s primary sight on the M1 Abrams MBT. ...
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Land: battlefield and ground surveillance radar
P-200 Credo-1
The P-200 Credo-1 is a tripod-mounted, pulse-Doppler ground/coastal surveillance radar capable of detecting and tracking a variety of targets. This includes people, vehicles, ships and ...
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Main battle tanks
VT4 (MBT-3000)
The 125mm-armed VT4, also known as the MBT-3000, is the latest MBT developed and manufactured by Norinco. Displayed internationally for the first time at Eurosatory in ...
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Land: battlefield and ground surveillance radar
RATAC-S
The Radar d’Aide au Tir d’Artillerie de Campagne (RATAC-S) is a multipurpose radar designed to detect, locate and classify ground targets or low-flying aircraft at ...
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Main battle tanks
EMBT
KNDS (KMW + NEXTER Defense Systems) presented its first joint product, the EMBT (European Main Battle Tank) demonstrator, at the June 2018 Eurosatory defence exhibition. The EMBT mounts ...
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Main battle tanks
Leopard 2 Next Generation
Aselsan unveiled its Leopard 2 Next Generation (NG) MBT upgrade proposal for the Turkish Land Forces Command’s fleet of almost 300 Leopard 2A4s at Turkey’s ...
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Main battle tanks
KF51 Panther
Rheinmetall unveiled the KF51 Panther at Eurosatory 2022. The MBT uses Leopard 2 components in its bare chassis but with a brand new turret. Its main armament is the ...
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Land: vehicle surveillance/target acquisition systems, Sea: optronic masts and periscopes
Iris
The Iris is a thermal imager designed for multiple applications, including ship optronic masts. The Iris has claimed detection/recognition ranges with two FOVs of 13/5km ...
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Light tanks
CV90120-T
BAE Systems developed the CV90120-T as a private venture to provide customers with a vehicle that combines the firepower of a 120mm-armed MBT with the ...
