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Naval Warfare
How will NATO’s Baltic Sentry work to protect undersea cables in the Baltic Sea?
3rd March 2025
The rise in incidents of damage to subsea cabling in the Baltic Seahas driven NATO to commit to bolstering the action of local navies. But how effective can it be?
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Land Warfare
Latvia enters talks to buy GDELS ASCOD IFV
15th November 2024
The ASCOD is in service with, or has been ordered by, five countries. In the UK it forms the basis of the British Army’s Ajax and for the US it is the chassis for the M10 Booker.
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Land Warfare
Latvia orders more Patria 6x6 vehicles
14th November 2024
The first Latvian-made Common Armoured Vehicle System (CAVS) 6x6 armoured personnel carrier was delivered to the Latvian National Armed Forces (NAF) in August, and more than 200 vehicles are expected to be delivered by 2029.
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Land Warfare
Latvia orders more Patria 6x6 vehicles
14th November 2024
The first Latvian-made Common Armoured Vehicle System (CAVS) 6x6 armoured personnel carrier was delivered to the Latvian National Armed Forces (NAF) in August, and more than 200 vehicles are expected to be delivered by 2029.
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Land Warfare
Babcock and Patria join up to compete for the British Army’s medium vehicle requirement
22nd January 2025
Patria’s 6x6 armoured personnel carrier (APC) forms the basis of the trans-European Common Armoured Vehicle System (CAVS). The Finnish company and Babcock want to offer it for the UK’s Land Mobility Programme (LMP) medium protected requirement.
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Air Warfare
UAVs for Ukraine: Europe is willing to spend
4th March 2025
Despite President Donald Trump’s suspension of military aid to Ukraine, Shephard Defence Insight data suggests that in relation to UAVs, Europe and its non-US NATO allies are more than willing to fill any spending vacuum and are already contributing more than twice as much as the US.
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Air Warfare
Netherlands deploys F-35s for air policing in Estonia
2nd December 2024
The Dutch F-35s will replace the German Eurofighter Typhoons stationed in Latvia.
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Land Warfare
Patria lifts the lid on new FAMOUS armoured fighting vehicle
12th February 2025
One of the few new tracked armoured fighting vehicles (AFVs) to be shown in Paris at Eurosatory in June 2024 belonged to Patria. The vehicle is being developed as part of a multinational FAMOUS (Future Highly Mobile Augmented Armoured Systems) programme.
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Land Warfare
First NATO exercise of 2025 set to begin with others to quickly follow
6th January 2025
Exercise Steadfast Dart 25 (STDT25) kicks off a slate of six land and sea exercises NATO is conducting in the first half of this year.
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Naval Warfare
NATO to test the use of 5G in maritime communications
15th October 2024
The Digital Backbone Experimentation 2025 in Latvia will assess the deployment of 5G in multidomain communications.
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Land Warfare
Northrop Grumman adds AI to air defence controller for improved CUAS capability
8th October 2024
Northrop Grumman’s Forward Area Air Defence (FAAD) Advanced Battle Manager (ABM) system continuously monitors the battlespace, replans engagements as necessary and supports multiple weapon types.
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Land Warfare
Leopard MBT: Alpha beast gets a reboot (updated 2025)
6th March 2025
Leopard MBTs are German-made main battle tanks that have been in service since the Cold War and have undergone several upgrades to remain competitive in modern warfare. This article traces the history and development of the Leopard 1 and 2, its variants, its operational service and its future prospects.
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Land Warfare
Finland signs for more armoured personnel carriers
23rd September 2024
The 6x6 vehicle is based on Patria’s larger 8x8 Armoured Modular Vehicle. Finland, Germany, Latvia and Sweden are part of a multinational development programme which originally also included Estonia.
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Land Warfare
Finland signs for more armoured personnel carriers
23rd September 2024
The 6x6 vehicle is based on Patria’s larger 8x8 Armoured Modular Vehicle. Finland, Germany, Latvia and Sweden are part of a multinational development programme which originally also included Estonia.
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Land Warfare
Land Warfare Review 2024: Conflict in Europe and the Middle East dominate attention and power spending
11th December 2024
Political turbulence in the US and across the Atlantic could have huge implications for Ukraine in the coming months. In 2024, however, the land warfare domain saw spending increase in eastern and central Europe, the continent continue its preference for the CV90 and a global rise in the demand for missiles.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
CVR(T) Scimitar 2 (Ukraine Aid) [Latvia]
Programme Background Latvia acquired 123 Scimitar 2s from the UK, with deliveries from 2015 to 2020. They are due to be replaced by 84 ASCODs ...
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Naval: Combat Management Systems
Naval: Combat Management Systems | Tripartite Class Replacement [Latvia]
Latvia currently operates five Tripartite-class minehunter vessels, which were delivered second-hand to Latvia between 2007 and 2011. The vessels have been in operation since the early ...
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Naval: shipboard communication systems
Naval: shipboard communication systems | Tripartite Class Replacement [Latvia]
Latvia currently operates five Tripartite-class minehunter vessels, which were delivered second-hand to Latvia between 2007 and 2011. The vessels have been in operation since the early ...
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APCs/IFVs - 6x6
Patria 6x6 (Batch 1) [Latvia]
Programme Background Programme History Estonia, Finland and Latvia's intention to jointly develop and procure a new APC platform was first announced in December 2019, when ...
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APCs/IFVs - 6x6
Patria 6x6 (Batch 2) [Latvia]
Programme Background Programme History Estonia, Finland and Latvia's intention to jointly develop and procure a new APC platform was first announced in December 2019, when ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
ASCOD (Batch 2) [Latvia]
Programme Background Latvia began a selection process in early 2023 for a future IFV to replace its small fleet of ex-British CVR(T) tracked vehicles. Seeking ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
5,000 Latvian UAVs (Ukraine Aid) [Latvia]
Background Ukrainian Defence Contact Group (UDCG) In January 2024, the Ukrainian Defence Contact Group (UDCG), a multi-nation organisation that coordinates military aid for Ukraine, established a drone ...
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APCs/IFVs - 6x6
Patria 6x6 (Ukraine Aid) [Latvia]
Programme Background Since the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Latvia has been part of the allied coalition providing Ukraine with military support. Previous Latvian ...
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Self-propelled guns
M109 Paladin Replacement [Latvia]
Programme Background Latvia acquired 47 Paladins in the M109A5Oe configuration from 2017 to 2018. These vehicles, purchased second-hand from Austria, had been upgraded to this configuration ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
ASCOD (Batch 1) [Latvia]
Programme Background Latvia began a selection process in early 2023 for a future IFV to replace its small fleet of ex-British CVR(T) tracked vehicles. Seeking ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Bayraktar TB2 [Latvia]
Background Factory Visit On 7 June 2021, Baykar’s official Twitter account announced that the Latvian Minister of Defence, Artis Pabrikis, had visited the Baykar National ...
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MRZR 2 (Forecast) (Latvia)
Programme Background The Latvian Armed Forces have identified a need for off-road tactical military vehicles that will help to increase the responsiveness of its expeditionary ...
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APCs/IFVs - 6x6
Patria 6x6 [Denmark]
Programme Background Programme History The Common Armoured Vehicle System (CAVS) programme brings together Finland, Germany, Latvia and Sweden to develop an armoured vehicle based on the ...
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LTVs - 4x4
G-Wagon Replacement [Latvia]
Programme Background Latvia procured 240 G-Wagons from Norway in 2004. These vehicles had been kept in storage in Norway and had very low mileage. This ...
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Minehunters
Tripartite Class Replacement [Latvia]
Programme Background Requirements Currently, Latvia does not have an active programme seeking to replace its Tripartite minehunters with a modern capability. Given an increase in ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing
BEAK
The BEAK is a Latvian man-portable quadcopter UAV, manufactured by Origin Robotics. It features an EO/IR camera payload and can host up to six munitions. ...
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APCs/IFVs - 6x6
CVR(T) Scimitar 2
The Combat Vehicle Reconnaissance (Tracked) (CVR(T)) family of lightweight armoured vehicles has been in continuous use with the British Army since its introduction in 1972. ...
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EO/IR systems, Sea: ship surveillance and fire control systems
iSea-30HD
The iSea-30HD is part of the iSea family of compact observation systems designed for the harsh maritime environment. It features highly sensitive sensors, gyro-stabilization, and ...
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Land: battle management systems
ASOC
Under a contract awarded to Lockheed Martin by the USAF Electronic Systems Center in May 1997, the company is providing Air Sovereignty Operations Centers (ASOCs) ...
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Crew-served grenade launchers
GMG
Heckler & Koch developed the 40mm Grenade Machine Gun (GMG) to meet the requirements of the German Army. The GMG has been selected by users ...
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APCs/IFVs - 6x6
Patria 6x6
Patria developed the Patria 6x6 APC, unveiled at the June 2018 Eurosatory exhibition, as a successor to the XA-series Pasi APC and to complement Patria's ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
ASCOD Common Base Platform
GDELS unveiled a new variant of its tracked ASCOD (Austrian Spanish Cooperative Development) IFV based on the new Common Base Platform (CBP) at the June ...
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Land: air defence radar
TPS-77 MRR
The TPS-77 MRR is a multirole radar (MRR), designed for low power consumption and is the most transportable version of the TPS-77 product line. This ...
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Land: air defence radar, Land: battlefield and ground surveillance radar
TRML-4D
The TRML-4D is a multi-functional surveillance and target acquisition radar system developed by Hensoldt. It is the latest C-band (NATO G-band) TRS-4D radar family member, ...
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Minehunters
Tripartite Class
A total of 45 Tripartite-class minehunters have been built, with the original intention that the three partner nations of Belgium, France and the Netherlands would ...
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LTVs - 4x4
VR Fox
The VR Fox is a Light Tactical Vehicle (LTV) manufactured by Latvia's VR Cars. It is currently being manufactured for the Latvian Army as part ...
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
Carl-Gustaf M4
The Carl-Gustaf M4 is a fourth-generation, lightweight 84mm recoilless rifle developed by Saab Dynamics in September 2014. It is a highly versatile shoulder-launched weapon system ...
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Light UGVs
Natrix
The Natrix is a multipurpose UGV developed by Brasa Defence Systems. Conceived to carry equipment and conduct CASEVAC in a wide range of environments, the system ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
IRIS-T SLM
The IRIS-T SLM (Surface Launched Medium-Range) is a surface-to-air missile system developed by Diehl Defence as part of the IRIS-T family of missile systems. Several countries ...
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
Carl-Gustaf M3
The Carl-Gustaf M3 is the third generation of the 84mm shoulder-fired recoilless antitank gun, first fielded by the Swedish Army in 1946. Since then, it ...