• Land Warfare

  Estonian Army receives first 50 of 230 light armoured vehicles

  12th March 2025

  The armoured vehicles are fitted with 12.7mm heavy machine guns and came off the production line with specific Estonian requirements. Only the communications subsystems and some other minor equipment were added to vehicles in Estonia.

• Naval Warfare

  Taiwan multiplies mine-layer vessel and UAV inventories to deter PLA

  25th April 2025

  Taiwan is strengthening its deterrence against the PLA through an asymmetric arsenal that includes fast mine-laying vessels and domestically developed UAVs.

• Defence Notes

  US forces’ heads lay out their needs and requirements before Senate committees

  22nd May 2025

  The new US administration has introduced or outlined plans for substantial change across the Department of Defence (DoD) and its branches. Several branch heads faced up to Senate Committees to outline needs and challenges.

• Land Warfare

  Land Warfare Review 2024: Conflict in Europe and the Middle East dominate attention and power spending

  11th December 2024

  Political turbulence in the US and across the Atlantic could have huge implications for Ukraine in the coming months. In 2024, however, the land warfare domain saw spending increase in eastern and central Europe, the continent continue its preference for the CV90 and a global rise in the demand for missiles.

• Naval Warfare

  Shipbuilders’ group warns US failing to tap full naval industry capacity

  3rd June 2025

  The Amphibious Warship Industrial Base Coalition has pointed out that issues related to bureaucracy, prerequisites and predictability have been limiting the involvement of smaller shipyards in military acquisition programmes in the US.

• Land Warfare

  Prototypes ordered for next generation USMC trucks with electric power a focus

  20th May 2025

  The Medium Tactical Truck (MTT) is slated to replace the existing Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement (MTVR) fleet, including cargo, dump, wrecker, tractor and re-supply variants which are in use with the USMC. Significantly, the vehicles will include hybrid electric technologies and onboard and export power.

• Land Warfare

  Avalon 2025: Hanwha signs engine deal with Penske for Redback IFVs

  1st April 2025

  Penske Australia will also carry out local assembly and testing of Allison X1100 series cross-drive transmission under licence using kits supplied by South Korea's SNT Dynamics.

• Air Warfare

  Germany signs $15 million deal for Black Hornet 4 nano-drones

  25th February 2025

  Teledyne FLIR Defense has delivered more than 33,000 Black Hornet uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAV)s to 45 countries and are being used Ukrainian forces in the war against Russia.

• Land Warfare

  Company formed to lead Franco-German main battle tank replacement

  18th April 2025

  Launched at the initiative of the French and German governments, the Main Ground Combat System (MGCS) project aims to replace the German Leopard 2 and French Leclerc main battle tanks with a multi-platform ground combat system by 2040.

• Land Warfare

  The Joint Light Tactical Vehicle continues its success as the new variant rolls out

  20th March 2025

  The Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) is becoming the dominant platform in its class as it replaces most of the massive US Army and US Marine Corps (USMC) fleets of HMMWV 4x4s, colloquially known as the Humvee. Shephard dives deep into the JLTV programme background and analyses the latest variants and contracts, including the controversial production switch to AM General and the continued contracts continuing to head Oshkosh's way.

• Defence Notes

  Unfolding the Golden Dome for America: Seven things you should know about the programme

  3rd June 2025

  Shephard talked to multiple experts about the most pressing concerns and considerations regarding the air defence system advocated by President Trump.

• Naval Warfare

  Ireland steps up European defence co-operation in the face of Russian activity

  14th April 2025

  Ireland is militarily neutral but has joined a European Union (EU) rapid reaction force and a European information sharing group.

• Land Warfare

  British Army defeats swarm with Thales radio frequency anti-drone system

  18th April 2025

  Developed by a Thales UK-led industry consortium, the demonstrator has been designed to explore the potential of radiofrequency weapons for the UK Armed Forces and is being trialled by the British Army.

• Air Warfare

  US Army UH-60M Black Hawk fitted with T901 engine approaches first flight

  10th February 2025

  The service recently started ground run testing to verify the full integration of the T901-GE-900 engine.

• Land Warfare

  Final two contenders for key £2 billion British Army training contract selected

  18th February 2025

  The two remaining bidders for the flagship Army Collective Training Service (ACTS) contract will move on to the next 20-week phase to select the British Army's Strategic Training Partner.

Programme Results - Defence Insight

• APCs/IFVs - 8x8

  Rosomak [Poland - Fourth Batch]

  Programme Background The Polish Army selected the Rosomak 8x8 armoured vehicle (a version of Patria's Armored Modular Vehicle (AMV) 8x8 produced under licence by Rosomak) ...

• APCs/IFVs - 8x8

  Rosomak [Poland - Second Batch]

  Programme Background Requirement The Polish Army selected Patria's XC-360 Armored Modular Vehicle (AMV) to meet its requirement for a new 8x8 armoured vehicle to replace ...

• Loitering munitions

  Warmate (Framework Agreement) [Poland]

  Background Previous Orders Before the announcement of the framework agreement in 2025, Poland had acquired other batches of Warmates. In 2017, it had a procurement programme ...

• APCs/IFVs - 8x8

  Rosomak [Poland - Third Batch]

  Programme Background The Polish Army selected the Rosomak 8x8 armoured vehicle (a version of Patria's Armored Modular Vehicle (AMV) 8x8 produced under licence by Rosomak) ...

• Military UAS - mini

  Wizjer [Poland]

  Programme Background Requirements In its Technical Modernisation Programme 2013-2022, the Polish Ministry of National Defense (MND) identified the need for several new types of UAVs ...

• APCs/IFVs - tracked

  NBPWP Borsuk (Batch 1) [Poland]

  Programme Background The NBPWP Borsuk is intended to replace the BWP-1s currently in service with the Polish Army. Development of the platform began in 2014 with the ...

• Main battle tanks

  M1A2 SEPv3 Abrams [Poland - Forecast]

  Programme Background Requirement The Polish Army wants to replace its legacy Soviet T-72 MBTs with new NATO-standard platforms to increase interoperability with its allies and ...

• APCs/IFVs - 8x8

  Rosomak [Poland - Sixth Batch]

  Programme Background The Polish Army selected the Rosomak 8x8 armoured vehicle (a version of Patria's Armored Modular Vehicle (AMV) 8x8 produced under licence by Rosomak) ...

• Self-propelled guns

  Krab [Poland]

  Programme Background Poland began development of the Krab in 2008, with 168 ordered between 2008 and 2022. However, only 100 have been delivered so far. ...

• MPVs - 4x4

  4x4 Command and Reconnaissance Vehicle [Poland]

  Programme Background The Polish Army wants to replace legacy Soviet equipment procured during the Cold War with new NATO-standard platforms to enhance its interoperability with ...

• Main battle tanks

  Wilk

  Programme Background The Wilk programme was included in the Polish MoDs Technical Modernisation Plan of the Polish Armed Forces for 2021-2035. It was primarily aimed ...

• APCs/IFVs - 8x8

  Rosomak [Poland - Fifth Batch]

  Programme Background The Polish Army selected the Rosomak 8x8 armoured vehicle (a version of Patria's Armored Modular Vehicle (AMV) 8x8 produced under licence by Rosomak) ...

• Main battle tanks

  M1A2 SEPv3 Abrams [Poland]

  Programme Background Requirement Since the early 2010s Poland wanted to upgrade its Soviet-era tank fleet due to modernisation requirements, the need to increase interoperability with NATO ...

• APCs/IFVs - tracked

  NBPWP Borsuk [Poland]

  Programme Background One of the highest priority equipment procurement programmes for the Polish MoD is the procurement of a new, NATO-standard platform to replace around ...

• LTVs - 4x4

  Legwan [Poland]

  Programme Background The Polish government is currently undergoing a significant modernisation of its armed forces, spurred largely by the renewed threat posed by Russia since ...

Equipment Results - Defence Insight

• APCs/IFVs - 8x8

  Rosomak

  The Rosomak is a variant of Patria's 8x8 Armored Modular Vehicle (AMV) platform produced under licence in Poland. Approximately 90% of the vehicle's components are manufactured by Polish ...

• Land: RWS

  ZSSW-30

  The ZSSW-30 is an unmanned turret developed by a consortium of Huta Stalowa Wola (HSW) and WB Electronics. Armed with a 30mm cannon, 7.62mm coaxial machine ...

• APCs/IFVs - tracked

  Anders Multirole Combat Platform

  The tracked WPB Anders multirole combat platform was designed to replace the BMP-1 IFV and other vehicles in Polish Army service. The Anders family is ...

• Self-propelled guns

  Krab

  Poland selected a modified version of the BAE Systems AS90M Braveheart 155mm/52cal turret to meet its requirement for a new SPH. Poland’s HSW is prime ...

• LTVs - 4x4

  LTMPV Dino 319

  The Dino 319, developed by Team Concept, is a tactical vehicle that combines exceptional off-road capabilities with lightweight composite materials and a modular configuration. Designed ...

• Hybrid effector systems

  ZSU-23-4MP Biala

  ZSU-23-4MP Biala is the a locally developed Polish  upgrade of ZSU-23-4 Shilka tracked four-barrel 23mm anti-aircraft gun developed in 1957-65 by Mytishchi Engineering Works to meet the ...

• Self-propelled mortars

  Rak

  HSW unveiled its Rak 120 mm SP mortar turret at MSPO 2008. It is designed to be integrated onto any suitable tracked or wheeled AFV ...

• MPVs - 4x4

  Patriot II

  The Patriot II multipurpose 4x4 armoured vehicle is a further development of Excalibur Army's original Patriot.  Longer and heavier than its predecessor, the Patriot II ...

• Military helicopters - multirole

  W-3 Sokol

  The Leonardo/PZL-Świdnik W-3 Sokol twin-engine utility and combat support helicopter was designed and is built-in Poland. The latest version is the W-3PL Gluszec, an upgraded ...

• Main battle tanks

  PT-91

  The PT-91 Twardy (Hard) tracked MBT is a derivative of the Soviet T-72M1 produced under licence in Poland by Zaklady Mechaniczne Bumar Łabedy, now part ...

• Air: Defensive Systems - Radar Warning Receivers

  TDS-H

  The TDS-H threat detection system is a compact, user-programmable RWR. Its sensitive instantaneous frequency-measurement capability enables high POI and early warning. The system utilises miniaturised ...

• APCs/IFVs - tracked

  LPG

  The Lightweight Tracked Chassis (LPG) is being developed by HSW for the Polish Army. Unlike previous attempts to develop an LPG, the new vehicle dispenses ...

• Land: NVGs

  MU-3 KOS

  The MU-3 KOS is a helmet-mounted NV device with a built-in IR illuminator for use in total darkness. The system's design allows cooperation with a ...

• Military UAS - mini

  FlyEye

  WB Group manufactures the FlyEye, a hand-launched mini-UAS designed to provide reconnaissance capabilities.  With a modular configuration and the ability to host multiple payloads, the Polish ...

• Medium UGVs

  Perun UGV

  Perun, a developmental 4x4 Uncrewed Ground Vehicle, was first introduced at the MSPO 2018 trade show in Kielce. It is engineered for combat and reconnaissance ...