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Land Warfare
Can Iranian air defence systems compete for exports?
7th January 2026
Iran’s defence industry is now producing a range of surface-to-air missile systems and has begun to market them internationally. Using what appears to be a mixture of original and reverse-engineered elements, how do they stack up compared to other countries’ offerings?
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Land Warfare
Six HIMARS rocket launchers to arrive in Estonia by mid-2025
22nd January 2025
Lockheed Martin has handed over six new HIMARS multiple launch rocket systems to Estonia, which will “soon” be ready to be integrated into the country’s defence forces’ arsenal.
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Land Warfare
China’s airborne force receives next-gen infantry fighting vehicles
27th December 2024
Some amendments address weaknesses proven in the Ukraine conflict.
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Digital Battlespace
AUSA 2025: Persistent Systems to complete its largest order by year’s end
15th October 2025
Persistent Systems received its largest ever single order for its MPU5 devices and other systems earlier this month and has already delivered the 50 units to the US Army’s 4th Infantry Division.
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Land Warfare
Supply of new self-propelled guns is rising to meet looming demand
5th January 2026
As the need for self-propelled artillery continues to climb across Europe and NATO-allied nations, orders for existing capabilities continue to roll in while new and improved weapons are on the way.
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Naval Warfare
Khabarovsk submarine launch reflects Russia’s nuclear modernisation progress
5th November 2025
The nuclear-powered vessel, which could carry the Poseidon autonomous torpedo – dubbed the “doomsday missile” – marks another step forward in Russia’s maritime defence push.
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Naval Warfare
US Navy SPY-6 approaches FRP with Raytheon already having “a hot production line”
2nd March 2026
Jen Gauthier, Raytheon’s VP of Naval Systems and Sustainment, told Shephard that the company is awaiting the US Navy’s green light to move “fully into full-rate production”.
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Land Warfare
Hungary to start fielding KF41 Lynx infantry fighting vehicle
27th January 2025
The Lynx infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) will provide a step change for the Hungarian Army and will replace Russian supplied BTR-80 8x8 series wheeled armoured personnel carriers (APC). The Lynx will take on both IFV and APC roles as it is a step change in firepower and provides a much higher level of protection.
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Land Warfare
New US defence contracts for undersea warfare systems and USNS Matthew Perry
28th January 2025
The Department of Defense announced the new contracts to upgrade and maintain combat technology and vessels.
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Naval Warfare
Is South Korea finally being taken seriously for Western submarine programmes?
2nd December 2025
South Korean shipbuilders are beginning to make their mark beyond Asia, competing for major North American and European submarine programmes and becoming serious contenders on a global scale.
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Defence Notes
UK Parliament told that Europe needs to do more within NATO and undertake reforms
5th March 2025
Speaking before a committee on European affairs, the speakers addressed recent developments following an eventful few days. During this period, the UK pushed for increased support for Ukraine, while the EU eased budget constraints to allow for greater defence spending. Meanwhile, across the Atlantic, US President Donald Trump introduced tariffs that could impact the defence industry.
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Land Warfare
Egypt approved for $4.7 billion upgrade of its Abrams main battle tanks
3rd January 2025
The approval is for the upgrade of 555 of Egypt’s M1A1 Abrams tanks into M1A1SA configuration.
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Air Warfare
Middle East UAV market underscored by $17bn in unsigned deals
25th February 2026
While several UAV programmes remain unawarded in the Middle East, Saudi Arabia is forecast to be the biggest spender with its potential MQ-9B and Gambit deals overshadowing others in the region.
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Land Warfare
AUSA 2025: US forces test Global Ordnance Scorpion Light mobile mortar system
13th October 2025
Following its participation in a live-fire event with the US Marine Corps, the Global Ordnance Scorpion Light 81mm mobile mortar system will now be tested by the US Army.
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Air Warfare
October Drone Digest: Growing desire for CCAs and new VTOL technology unveiled
30th October 2025
During October 2025, several countries and organisations signalled their intention to acquire loyal wingman uncrewed aircraft systems — designated by the US Air Force as Collaborative Combat Aircraft — or to study the capability further, while various new uncrewed helicopters were showcased.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
Land 400 Phase 3 (Logistics, Ammunition Carrier and Mortar Carrier Variants) [Australia]
Programme Background The Australian DoD released the initial RfI for the Land 400 Phase 3 programme in November 2015. Following consultations with local industry, the ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
Land 400 Phase 3 (Amphibious Vehicles) [Australia]
Programme Background The Australian DoD released the initial RfI for the Land 400 Phase 3 programme in November 2015. Following consultations with local industry, the ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Drone40 (Ukraine Aid) [Australia]
Programme Background In August 2022, the Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI), a think tank, held a podcast with Ukraine's ambassador to Australia, Vasyl Myroshnychenko, in which ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A2 SEPv3 Abrams [Poland]
Programme Background Requirement Since the early 2010s Poland wanted to upgrade its Soviet-era tank fleet due to modernisation requirements, the need to increase interoperability with NATO ...
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Landing craft and hovercraft
Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel - Medium (Project Land 8710 Phase 1A) [Australia]
Programme Background Requirements Australia has set out requirements for a fleet of up to 18 Littoral Manoeuvre Vessels - Medium (LMV-M) with the release of ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
Land 400 Phase 2 - Boxer CRV [Australia]
Programme Background History The Land 400 Phase 2 programme will procure a replacement for the ASLAV, a derivative of the General Dynamics Land Systems Light Armoured Vehicle ...
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Main battle tanks
Leopard 2A4 [Czech Republic]
Programme Background The Czech Republic currently operates a small fleet of T-72s, which, while undergoing upgrades and life extension programmes, are increasingly obsolete. In October ...
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Submarines: nuclear/attack
Second Hand SSNs [Australia]
Programme Background Timeline In September 2021, it was announced in a trilateral announcement between Australia, the US and the UK that Australia, in a shock ...
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Naval: Combat Management Systems
Naval: Combat Management Systems | AUKUS-SSNs (1-5) [Australia]
In September 2021, it was announced in a trilateral announcement between Australia, the US and the UK that Australia, in a shock move, will not ...
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Naval: shipboard communication systems
Naval: shipboard communication systems | AUKUS-SSNs (1-5) [Australia]
In September 2021, it was announced in a trilateral announcement between Australia, the US and the UK that Australia, in a shock move, will not ...
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Main battle tanks
Viatura Blindada de Combate-Carro de Combate (VBC-CC) [Brazil]
Programme Background Several key technical requirements have been outlined by the Brazilian MoD. Among the most important are that the platform should weigh less than ...
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Medium UGVs
Mission Master (RPV Sprial 2) [UK]
Programme Background First announced in April 2017 and referred to in early MOD documents as the ‘last mile resupply’ initiative, the British Army is reportedly ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A1 Abrams (Ukraine Aid) [Australia]
Programme Background Since the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Australia has been amongst the various Western allies providing Ukraine with military aid. Prior ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Project Air 7003 [Australia]
Programme Background Requirement The Royal Australian Air Force has been without a UAS capability since the Heron was withdrawn in mid-2017. According to Defence Minister Linda Reynolds, ...
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Submarines: nuclear/attack
AUKUS-SSNs (1-5) [Australia]
Programme Background AUKUS Australia announced on 16 September 2021 that the contract with Naval Group signed in 2016 had been cancelled. Although not a surprising ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
Carl-Gustaf M3
The Carl-Gustaf M3 is the third generation of the 84mm shoulder-fired recoilless antitank gun, first fielded by the Swedish Army in 1946. Since then, it ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120mm KE DM63 / DM53 A1 Tank Ammunition
The 120mm kinetic energy tank ammunition is manufactured by Rheinmetall. There are several variations of the ammunition, including the DM63, which can be fired from ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120MM HEAT-TP F1A
Franco-German KNDS-Nexter produce the 120mm High-Explosive Anti-Tank Training-Purpose F1A (HEAT-TP F1A) round to enable reduced-cost training for Main Battle Tank crews.
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120mm PELE Tank Ammunition
The 120mm Penetrator with Enhanced Lateral Effect (PELE) tank ammunition is an inert round produced by Rheinmetall. It is suitable for use against semi-hard targets ...
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Main battle tanks
M1/M1A1 Abrams
The 105mm-armed M1 Abrams tracked MBT was introduced into US Army service in 1980 as a replacement for the 105mm-armed M60 MBT. In April 1991, ...
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S-64 Helitanker Fire-fighting Equipment
Erickson's 10,031l tank for the S-64 helitanker drops water, retardant or foam mix at a rate of around 95l/h. Microprocessor-controlled tank doors offer eight individual ...
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Light mortars
60mm Mortar Ammunition
US-based LD Systems' 60mm Mortar ammunition fulfils the NATO standard for lightweight mortar ammunition.
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Naval: RF/IR/acoustic decoys
Nulka
The Nulka is an active anti-ship missile decoy originally conceived in Australia, and developed under a joint Australian-US programme. BAE Systems Australia is prime contractor, while ...
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
120mm L55A1
The 120mm L55A1 is a smoothbore high-pressure gun based on the L55 tank gun. The L55A1 has been qualified and in service since 2019. It ...
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
120mm L55 Tank Gun
The 120mm L55 is a smoothbore tank gun produced by Rheinmetall. It is designed for use on the Leopard main battle tank, to which it ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A2 SEPv3
The M1A2 System Enhancement Package 3 (M1A2 SEPv3, also known as M1A2C) is the latest production-standard variant of the Abrams MBT. Designed primarily to address ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
M1147 Advanced Multi-Purpose (AMP)
The M1147 Advanced Multi-Purpose (AMP) is a 120mm tank round developed by Northrop Grumman Defence Systems. Various customers, including Bahrain, Israel, and the US, use the tank ...
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Unguided Medium Calibre Ammunition
Next Generation Combat Vehicle Ammunition
The Next Generation Combat Vehicle Ammunition (NGVA) is a family of ammunition being developed by the US Army's Armaments Center and manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems ...
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Submarines: nuclear/attack
SSN AUKUS
The SSN-AUKUS will be the submarine design resulting from the AUKUS trilateral pact between Australia, the US and the UK. Expected to incorporate technology from ...
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Land: tactical engagement simulators
CVTESS
Saab's Combat Vehicle Tactical Engagement Simulation System (CVTESS) is a laser-based simulator which supports every version of the Abrams Main Battle Tank and the Bradley ...
