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Land Warfare
First Skyranger 35 air defence gun arrives in Ukraine
20th November 2025
The Skyranger 35 for Ukraine is mounted on a Leopard 1 tank and is fitted with a KDG 35/1000 35mm/228-calibre cannon with a firing rate of 1,000 rounds per minute and a range up to 4km. The platforms join more than 6,000 vehicles in service or promised.
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Naval Warfare
How the Hedge Strategy will impact the US Navy’s future capabilities
11th February 2026
The US Navy Hedge Strategy is intended to provide a lethal, modular and cost-effective fleet while accepting Washington’s fiscal and industrial constraints.
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Defence Notes
Why small guns have been critical to layered CUAS architectures
5th February 2026
Multiple countries have been deploying small arms as the last line of drone defence due to their multiple operational and tactical advantages.
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Land Warfare
Dedicated drone munitions could unlock modular mission potential
31st December 2025
Top attacks have proven effective against heavily armoured vehicles in Ukraine. A new family of uncrewed aerial system-delivered munitions is looking to press that advantage further.
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Air Warfare
Can emergent suppliers of fighter aircraft crack Middle East markets?
9th January 2026
The 2025 Dubai Airshow saw several aspiring suppliers of combat aircraft to the region’s air forces parade their wares in the sky and on the ground. Shephard’s Edward Hunt explores their chance of success in the Middle East.
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Naval Warfare
“We must end the mentality of ever larger platforms”: Why USVs are scaling
30th April 2026
Multiple USV programme milestones announced last week, aligned with a reinforcement of the Royal Navy’s vision for a hybrid fleet, point to innovation-led ambition but also to a structural calculation with resource ceilings that neither London nor Washington can ignore.
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Land Warfare
Finding the balance between armour and air defence as UAVs proliferate
11th May 2026
While the growing drone threat has sharpened the focus on air defence solutions, Dr Peter Magill looks at why protected mobility remains crucial.
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Air Warfare
Ukraine and Sweden mark first major step towards potential Gripen E export deal
23rd October 2025
The letter of intent, signed on 22 October, is the first move in a “long road” towards Sweden strengthening the Ukrainian Air Force with up to 150 Gripen aircraft.
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Land Warfare
US approves more than $650 million in possible Foreign Military Sales to Ukraine
29th July 2025
The possible sales focus on maintenance and sustainment for a variety of equipment used by the Ukrainian armed forces, notably air defence equipment, MIM-23 Hawk missiles, M109 howitzers and Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicles (IFVs).
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Land Warfare
Milrem THeMIS robot tests weapon firing to beyond one kilometre
13th August 2025
The Milrem Robotics Tracked Hybrid Modular Infantry System (THeMIS) uncrewed ground vehicle (UGV) has seen extensive service in Ukraine with an additional six ordered for Ukraine in May.
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Land Warfare
Leopard MBT: Alpha beast gets a reboot (updated 2026)
6th April 2026
Leopard MBTs are German-made main battle tanks that have been in service since the Cold War and have undergone several upgrades to remain competitive in modern warfare. This article traces the history and development of the Leopard 1 and 2 as well as its variants, operational service and future prospects.
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Air Warfare
March Drone Digest: Long-range, low-cost loitering munitions are changing warfare economics
1st April 2026
The effective use of the Shahed-136 in the Iran war has highlighted the need for countries to acquire a domestically produced, low-cost, long-range loitering munition, with the US, Turkey and European nations all at various stages of developing a similar capability.
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Air Warfare
UK firm Skycutter comes out top in first US Drone Dominance Program competition
12th March 2026
The startup was the only UK company to take part in the first Gauntlet for the programme, joining forces with its Ukraine partner to participate in the event.
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Air Warfare
January Drone Digest: MALE, rotary-wing and loitering munition UAVs dominate early 2026
27th January 2026
The first month of 2026 has seen activity in the MALE, rotary-wing, and loitering munition UAV markets, with significant investments and commitments from Germany, Turkey, the UAE and the US. At the same time, questions over loitering munition performance in Ukraine highlight the growing scrutiny alongside rising demand.
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Land Warfare
Swiss Army still awaits new artillery contract to replace M109 howitzers
6th March 2026
More than a year after selecting the KNDS Artillery Gun Module mounted on the Piranha IV 8x8 as its next artillery system, Switzerland is still awaiting the contract that will deliver the guns.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Akinci [Ukraine]
Programme Background Two Export Contracts In January 2022, the Daily Sabah reported that Baykar had "recently" signed its first export contract for the Akinci. Haluk Bayraktar ...
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Main battle tanks
T-90S (Saudi Arabia)
Programme Background. The status of the Saudi Arabian T-90 deal is unclear, it is possible that these tanks may be purchased to replace stocks of ...
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Loitering munitions
ZT-180 [Russia]
Background Claims On 23 February 2023, DER SPIEGEL reported that, according to information it had gathered, China and Russia were negotiating the purchase of 100 ZT-180 drones, ...
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Loitering munitions
Shahed-136 [Russia]
Programme Background Iran's Involvement On 11 July 2022, according to US intelligence, Jake Sullivan, US National Security Advisor, announced during a statement that the Iranian ...
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Naval: Combat Management Systems
Naval: Combat Management Systems | Russian Aircraft Carrier Programme
Russia currently has one aircraft which is nonoperational which the need for a new aircraft carrier at the heart of the Russian naval modernisation programme. ...
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Naval: shipboard communication systems
Naval: shipboard communication systems | Russian Aircraft Carrier Programme
Russia currently has one aircraft which is nonoperational which the need for a new aircraft carrier at the heart of the Russian naval modernisation programme. ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Vector / Scorpion (Selected) [Ukraine]
Programme Background 500 Systems Since Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, Quantum-Systems has provided many drones to Ukraine. Over 400 units have been provided as aid ...
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Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing
SkyRanger R70 (Ukraine Aid) [Canada]
Programme Background On 19 February 2024, the Canadian Defence Minister, Bill Blair, announced that the country would donate more than 800 SkyRanger R70 UAVs to ...
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Military helicopters - transport/heavy lift
Heavy Lift Helicopter [Philippines]
Programme Background Procurement from Russia In November 2021, Philippine Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana confirmed that a contract had been signed to acquire 16 Mi-171 heavy ...
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Military UAS - rotary-wing, Military UAS - small
T-150 (Ukraine Aid) [UK]
Programme Background Virtual Address On 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine. On 3 May 2022, the UK's Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, virtually addressed the Ukrainian ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Black Hornet 3 (Ukraine Aid) [UK & Norway]
Programme Background Russo-Ukraine War Since Russia invaded Ukraine on 24 February 2022, UAVs have proved vital to the country's defence. Consequently, as in this programme, the ...
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Military helicopters - multirole
Ka-226T- Air Force [India]
Programme Background India had operated a diverse and antiquated fleet of helicopters to support its high-altitude operations along contested borders with China and Pakistan. Reducing ...
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MPVs - 4x4
Spartan SUT [Russia]
Programme Background Despite international sanctions following the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, Streit Group vehicles are believed to have continued to make their way into ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Quantix Recon (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background April Meeting In mid-April, just shy of two months after Russia invaded Ukraine on 24 February, the Ambassador and the Defence Attaché at the Embassy of Ukraine met ...
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Air: Radio and SATCOM
Air: Radio and SATCOM | E-7 Wedgetail - UK (Second Order)
The UK MoD signed a £1.51 billion ($1.98 billion) deal to purchase five E-7 Wedgetail aircraft from Boeing for the Royal Air Force (RAF) in ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Main battle tanks
T-80UD
The 125mm-armed T-80UD MBT is a variant of the T-80 which was in production in Ukraine when the Soviet Union broke up in 1991. An ...
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Loitering munitions
AQV 100 Scalpel
The AQV 100 Scalpel, or AQV-100, is a low-cost loitering munition manufactured by One Way Aerospace. The drone is operated using a first-person view and ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Mini 2
The Mini 2 is a micro rotary-wing drone from DJI. It features a 3-axis gimbaled 12MP camera for photographs and 4k/30fps for video capture. Shephard believes ...
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Loitering munitions
Shahed-236
The Shahed-236, or MC 236, is a successor to the Shahed-126. It is a loitering munition designed in Iran. The drone was presented to Russia in ...
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Transport
An-140
The An-140 is a light turboprop military transport aircraft developed from the An-140 regional airliner, which first flew in September 1997. It is designed to ...
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Air: sonar systems
VGS-3
The VGS-3 is a dipping sonar for the Ka-27/Ka-28 helicopter developed by the State Enterprise Kyiv Scientific Research Institute of Hydrodevices.
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - tactical
Orlan-10/10E
Developed by the Russia-based Special Technology Center, the Orlan-10 is a medium-range UAS with many variants, such as the 10E, an export version introduced in 2017. The ...
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Fighter - air superiority
MiG-29
The MiG-29 (NATO reporting name Fulcrum) is an air superiority fighter aircraft designed to engage air targets in any weather, day and night. The production ...
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Fighter - ground attack
Su-25
The Su-25 (NATO reporting name Frogfoot) is a single-seat ground attack aircraft developed for close combat air support missions. Production of the Su-25 began in ...
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Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Matrice 300 RTK
The Matrice 300 RTK is a rotary-wing UAV manufactured by DJI. Despite being primarily aimed at industrial applications, militaries utilise it for ISR tasks. In ...
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Land: coastal surveillance radars
Predel-E
The Predel-E is a coastal surveillance radar produced by Russian manufacturer Concern Morinformsystem-Agat JSC. The system is intended as an over-the-horizon surveillance system, designed to ...
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Air-to-surface missiles
Kh-59/Kh-59E
The Kh-59, designated by NATO as the AS-13 "Kingbolt," is a TV command-guided air-launched cruise missile. It has been offered on the export market as Kh-59E.
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Artillery rockets
9M55
9M55 is a family of 300 mm artillery rockets developed for the BM-30 Uragan MLRS developed by the Soviet Union.
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Orion / Orion-E
The Orion, sometimes called the Inokhodets, is the first Russian-manufactured MALE UAV that has been designed to carry out a wide variety of military surveillance applications. Russia has ...
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Air: Helmet-mounted displays
SURA HMTDS
SURA is a helmet-mounted display system produced in Ukraine. Notably, it offers off-boresight acquisition capability to pilots and can cue the aircraft's sensor systems using ...
