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Land Warfare
Six HIMARS rocket launchers to arrive in Estonia by mid-2025
22nd January 2025
Lockheed Martin has handed over six new HIMARS multiple launch rocket systems to Estonia, which will “soon” be ready to be integrated into the country’s defence forces’ arsenal.
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Air Warfare
Avalon 2025: BAE Systems eyes customers for its Strix after initial flight
31st March 2025
The Strix test effort suffered a setback last year when the prototype incurred minor damage in a hard landing during its second trial flight.
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Land Warfare
Kongsberg Defence Australia to supply control stations to Poland under $12 million deal
20th January 2025
The Naval Strike Missile (NSM) Coastal Defence System (CDS) command and control (C2) console is derived from the National Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile System air defence console currently in service with the Australian Army,
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Defence Notes
Saudi Arabia eyes large procurement spend as it boosts 2025 defence budget to $78 billion
11th February 2025
The new figure is an increase from US$75.8 billion in 2024 and showcases the country’s focus on its Saudi Vision 2030 to achieve a diversified and sustainable economy, reducing the Kingdom’s dependency on oil.
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Land Warfare
More Patriot air and missile defence systems bound for Europe
12th July 2024
The US Army has acquired more than 1,100 launchers of which it has exported at least 200 launchers, while more than 10,000 Patriot missiles have been produced to date.
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Land Warfare
South Korean defence industry demonstrates its tech prowess
6th November 2024
Shephard takes a deep dive into the latest developments in the South Korean defence sector as the country arms itself to deal with current and future threats.
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Air Warfare
Updated US Air Force doctrine emphasises the need for multi-domain capabilities
28th January 2025
Modifications in the US Air Force (USAF) doctrine aim to prepare the service for tomorrow’s warfare.
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Land Warfare
Leopard MBT: Alpha beast gets a reboot (updated 2025)
6th March 2025
Leopard MBTs are German-made main battle tanks that have been in service since the Cold War and have undergone several upgrades to remain competitive in modern warfare. This article traces the history and development of the Leopard 1 and 2, its variants, its operational service and its future prospects.
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Naval Warfare
Egypt wins $625 million US deal to modernise its Ambassador IV fast-attack ships
6th February 2025
The State Department said the sale will increase the Egyptian Navy's tactical capabilities.
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Naval Warfare
Latest Virginia-class submarine, USS Iowa, commissioned
8th April 2025
SSN-797 was commissioned as USS Iowa, the first Virginia-class submarine of the second Trump administration. It was described as “just the beginning” of a revitalisation of US naval shipbuilding by Secretary of the Navy John Phelan.
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Air Warfare
QinetiQ wins $14 million contract to supply Vindicator drones to US Navy
14th January 2025
The five-year contract is reportedly the largest provision of uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) support for use by the US Navy (USN) and will run until late 2029.
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Air Warfare
Update: India’s Rafale-M deal postponed
25th April 2025
New Delhi had been gearing up to sign a Navy Rafale deal as talks swirled around a potential assembly line in Nagpur.
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Land Warfare
General Motors completes first version of next-gen 4x4 military vehicle
22nd October 2024
GM has unveiled its “Next Generation” 4x4 military vehicle, a technology demonstrator based on the Chevrolet Silverado ZR2, featuring commercial components, a flexible design and advanced weapon systems.
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Land Warfare
South Korea to develop long-range interceptor for Iron Dome by 2028
21st January 2025
Around US$329 million will be spent on the development of the interceptor which will work to protect national and military facilities from the threat of North Korean artillery.
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Land Warfare
General Atomic wins contract to further develop Long Range Manoeuvring Projectile
3rd December 2024
The round is designed to be fired from 155mm artillery systems but there is potential for it to be further developed as a naval asset. Manufacture could begin in 2026.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Fighter - multirole
Rafale [France]
Programme Background Rafale F4 is the latest configuration of the Rafale fighter jet family. New functions will also be developed to improve the aircraft’s capabilities ...
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Military helicopters - maritime
MH-60R [Australia]
Programme Background Requirement The RAN already has 24 MH-60R Seahawks (the last delivered in September 2016), so this represents a 50% increase in fleet size. ...
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ISR/special mission
ISTAR Aircraft (South Korea)
Programme Background South Korean Defense Acquisition Program Administration stated that Seoul is planning to procure additional aircraft to minimize potential surveillance gaps amid growing security ...
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Loitering munitions
Launched Effects-Short Range (LE-SR) [US Army]
Background Goal The Army sees LE-SR as a family of systems consisting of an air vehicle, effects payload, mission system applications, and associated support equipment ...
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Military UAS - tactical
Project Sea 129 Phase 5 [Australia]
Programme Background Requirement Project Sea 129 Phase 5 was intended to acquire a new ISR UAS capability for the RAN. The aircraft was required to perform ...
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Landing craft and hovercraft
Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel - Medium (Project Land 8710 Phase 1A) [Australia]
Programme Background Requirements Australia has set out requirements for a fleet of up to 18 Littoral Manoeuvre Vessels - Medium (LMV-M) with the release of ...
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Military UAS - rotary-wing
VTOL UAV [New Zealand]
Background Defence Capability Plan (DCP) In April 2025, the New Zealand government published the DCP, a document that is essentially a blueprint for what procurements ...
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ISR/special mission
E-6 TACAMO Recapitalisation Programme (E-130J) [USN]
Programme Background The E-6 Take Charge and Move Out (TACAMO) Recapitalisation Programme (E-XX) provides for air vehicle replacement and mission systems modernization to augment and eventually ...
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Naval: Combat Management Systems
Naval: Combat Management Systems | Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel - Medium (Project Land 8710 Phase 1A) [Australia]
On 19 December 2021, Australia launched an RfT (Request for Tender) for the Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel - Medium (LMV-M) requirement under Project Land 8710 Phase 1A. The closing date ...
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Naval: shipboard communication systems
Naval: shipboard communication systems | Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel - Medium (Project Land 8710 Phase 1A) [Australia]
On 19 December 2021, Australia launched an RfT (Request for Tender) for the Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel - Medium (LMV-M) requirement under Project Land 8710 Phase 1A. The closing date ...
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Tanks
M1A2T Abrams [Taiwain]
Programme Background Taiwan has had a long-standing desire to attain M1A1 or M1A2 Abrams from the US in order to replace elderly M60A3 TTS and CM11 ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
MQ-9A Reaper Block 5 [Italy]
Programme Background Initial Procurement Italy submitted a $330 million FMS request through the Defence Security Cooperation Agency for four MQ-9A aircraft, four GCS and five ...
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Submarines nuclear, ballistic missile
Dreadnought Class (Successor Programme) (1-4) [UK]
Programme Background Requirements The Dreadnought-class, prior to being named in October 2016, was known as the Successor programme, which was approved by the government in May ...
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Destroyers
DDX Programme (1-2) [Italy]
Programme Background Requirements Destroyers are fundamental to Italy's blue water fleet and will be required to be capable of projecting capability at sea from the ...
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OPVs
Medium Standard Vessels [Norway]
Requirements In the 2023 Military Advice of the Chief of Defence, Gen Eirik Kristoffersen suggested that Norway should renew its maritime surface structure by rationalising ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Surface-to-air missiles
SM-2 Block IIIC/Block IIICU
The SM-2 Block IIIC and Block IIICU are medium-range, surface-to-air missiles with active radio frequency seekers. Both missiles are modifications to legacy SM-2 Block III/IIIA/IIIB ...
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Man-portable missile systems
FIM-92 Stinger
The FIM-92 Stinger, passive-guided MANPADS, was developed by General Dynamics to meet the requirements of the US Army to defence against low-flying threats. It replaced ...
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Air: Integrated Defensive Systems
ESTL
The Enhanced Survivability Technology (ESTL) is an integrated self-protection pod with missile approach warning (MAWS) manufactured by Saab. It is designed to counter RF and IR ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
SkyCeptor
The SkyCeptor missile is a multi-mission interceptor developed collaboratively by Raytheon and Israel's Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. It is a derivative of the Stunner missile ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
SM-1MR Block VI
The RIM-66 Standard-1MR is a medium-range surface-to-air missile that can also take on the role of an anti-ship missile. It was developed as part of ...
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Multipurpose missiles
BGM-71 TOW
The BGM-71 Tube-launched Optically tracked Wire-guided (TOW) missile entered US Army service in 1970. As well as being integrated on vehicles and helicopters, TOW can be ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missile (RAM) Block 2
The RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missile (RAM) Block 2 is a short-range, ship-launched missile designed primarily to defend naval vessels against incoming anti-ship missiles and aerial ...
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Surface-to-air missiles, Surface-to-surface missiles
RIM-174 Standard ERAM SM-6 Block I/IA
The SM-6 (RIM-174 Standard ERAM) is a surface-to-air supersonic missile launched from cruisers and destroyers, capable of successfully engaging crewed and uncrewed, fixed- or rotary-wing ...
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Sea: weapon training
SM-1 and SM-2 Standard Missile and Harpoon Missile with Guided Missile Launcher Mk 13 Mod 4 Simulator
Textron's SM-1 and SM-2 Standard Missile and Harpoon Missile simulator simulates a guided missile launching system and guided missile launcher, Mk 13 Mod 4, in ...
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Sea: naval surveillance radar
AN/SPY-3
The AN/SPY-3 is a multifunction naval radar developed and manufactured by Raytheon. Its intended uses include horizon and surface search, navigation, periscope detection, discrimination, and ...
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Sea: ship surveillance and fire control systems
MK 99
The MK 99 is a fire control system developed and produced by Raytheon. The system works as an interface to connect a vessel's missiles and ...
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Land: air defence radar
LTAMDS
The Raytheon Lower Tier Air and Missile Defense System (LTAMDS) is an active electronically scanned array Gallium Nitrade (GaN) radar. The use of GaN strengthens ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
Evolved Sea Sparrow Missile (ESSM) Block 2
The Evolved SeaSparrow Missile (ESSM) Block 2 is an advanced ship-launched surface-to-air missile developed by the NATO SeaSparrow Consortium. Building upon the capabilities of its predecessor, ...
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Air: Electronic Attack - Jamming, Air: EO/IR – Jamming Systems
Quiet Eyes
Quiet Eyes is a laser DIRCM system, manufactured by Raytheon. The pointer/tracker turret system protects aircrafts from IR-guided missiles by jamming the missile, directing the threat away ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Mk-57 VLS
The Mk 57 Vertical Launching System (VLS), developed by Raytheon, is an advanced missile launching system designed to enhance the offensive and defensive capabilities of ...
