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Land Warfare
How Patria TREMOS redefines battlefield mobility
17th November 2025
The war in Ukraine has made it clear: the battlefield waits for no one. Military operations now take place in fast-paced environments, and speed is not just about the fight itself – it is about the entire ecosystem of warfare.
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Defence Notes
How might European countries look to tackle drone incursions?
24th December 2025
Disruption of infrastructure in Europe, whether by cyberattack, physical damage to pipelines or uncrewed aerial vehicles flying over major airports, as has happened more recently, is on the rise. What is the most effective way of countering the aerial aspect of this not-so-open warfare?
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Defence Notes
Europe turns to industrial and procurement co-operation with Ukraine as supplies continue
4th July 2025
Equipment has continued to flow into Ukraine from the European Union (EU), NATO and western countries as the war against Russia continues but other types of support with longer-term prospects are appearing.
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Land Warfare
Can Iranian air defence systems compete for exports?
7th January 2026
Iran’s defence industry is now producing a range of surface-to-air missile systems and has begun to market them internationally. Using what appears to be a mixture of original and reverse-engineered elements, how do they stack up compared to other countries’ offerings?
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Naval Warfare
Thales’ multirole missile delivers “tactical excellence” for UK Royal Navy
20th October 2025
The latest trials of Thales’ Lightweight Multirole Missile in two locations proved its effectiveness in combatting real-world uncrewed threats.
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Air Warfare
Germany approved for possible $1.23 billion AMRAAM acquisition
26th September 2025
The potential foreign military sale for up to 400 missiles could be used to enhance Germany’s F-35 programme.
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Land Warfare
Information advantage: what is a data fabric and why is it essential for armed forces?
9th September 2025
In Conversation: Shephard's Gerrard Cowan talks to Systematic’s Chris Harris about the vital importance of data fabrics in the networked battlespace, and how this capability can already be provided by existing technology.
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Land Warfare
Kyiv works to replicate unmanned air success with ground vehicles
8th August 2025
The conflict in Ukraine has seen the country’s defence firms emerge as technological innovators in response to the Russian invasion of the country in 2022. The drone war in the air has been a significant development while the efforts on the ground have been less acknowledged.
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Land Warfare
New Type 100 AFVs help China leapfrog ahead of other Western concepts
19th September 2025
China’s fourth-generation armoured fighting vehicles (AFVs) have pulled ahead of international analogues in their concept of operations, but questions remain about the reliability of their advanced technologies further down the line.
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Land Warfare
AUSA 2025: US forces test Global Ordnance Scorpion Light mobile mortar system
13th October 2025
Following its participation in a live-fire event with the US Marine Corps, the Global Ordnance Scorpion Light 81mm mobile mortar system will now be tested by the US Army.
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Air Warfare
Australia awards multiple contracts to support counter-drone technologies
29th July 2025
Under the multi-stage Project Land 156, Australia’s Department of Defence (DoD) is seeking systems to counter uncrewed aerial systems (CUAS). These contracts are the first in an effort to support technologies relevant to the effort.
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Air Warfare
India fast-tracks indigenous MALE drones as US trade rift stalls big-ticket deals
15th August 2025
With US tariffs and stalled defence talks slowing imports, India has cleared a $3.4 billion plan for 87 tri‑service MALE UAVs with 60% indigenous content – accelerating self‑reliance as operational lessons from May’s four‑day conflict drive urgency.
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Naval Warfare
Taiwan entrusts USVs with task of deterring a PLA amphibious invasion
23rd August 2025
Drawing lessons from Ukraine’s Black Sea experience, Taiwan is investing heavily in unmanned surface vessels to strengthen its asymmetric defence strategy against potential PLA amphibious assaults.
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Air Warfare
December drone digest: Germany, Australia and US champion indigenous UAV production
30th December 2025
One of the key trends seen in December has been the rise in indigenous investment within the UAV market, particularly across certain countries, with Germany, Australia and the US focusing on their commitments to sovereign development.
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Land Warfare
Czech CAESAR howitzer order at risk of cancellation
10th July 2025
The Czech Republic ordered 52 CAmion Equipé d’un Système d’ARtillerie (CAESAR) self-propelled howitzers (SPHs) in 2021 and added another 10 a year later. A cancellation of the programme would impact both the army’s capabilities and local industry which is involved in the manufacture.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Military UAS - MALE
Akinci [Ukraine]
Programme Background Two Export Contracts In January 2022, the Daily Sabah reported that Baykar had "recently" signed its first export contract for the Akinci. Haluk Bayraktar ...
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Loitering munitions
Deep-strike, low-cost, loitering munition [Ukraine]
Background 30,000 On 2 December 2024, Deputy Prime Minister Mykhailo Fedorov told Reuters that Ukraine was targeting the production of 30,000 deep-strike loitering munitions in 2025. Three ...
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Military helicopters - transport/heavy lift
Heavy Lift Helicopter [Philippines]
Programme Background Procurement from Russia In November 2021, Philippine Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana confirmed that a contract had been signed to acquire 16 Mi-171 heavy ...
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Military UAS - mini
Vector / Scorpion (Selected) [Ukraine]
Programme Background 500 Systems Since Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, Quantum-Systems has provided many drones to Ukraine. Over 400 units have been provided as aid ...
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Military UAS - mini
SkyRanger R70 (Ukraine Aid) [Canada]
Programme Background On 19 February 2024, the Canadian Defence Minister, Bill Blair, announced that the country would donate more than 800 SkyRanger R70 UAVs to ...
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Military helicopters - multirole
Ka-226T- Air Force [India]
Programme Background India had operated a diverse and antiquated fleet of helicopters to support its high-altitude operations along contested borders with China and Pakistan. Reducing ...
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Military helicopters - multirole
Ka-226T - Army [India]
Programme Background India had operated a diverse and antiquated fleet of helicopters to support its high-altitude operations along contested borders with China and Pakistan. Reducing ...
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Military UAS - small
T-150 (Ukraine Aid) [UK]
Programme Background Virtual Address On 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine. On 3 May 2022, the UK's Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, virtually addressed the Ukrainian ...
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Military UAS - micro
Black Hornet 3 (Ukraine Aid) [UK & Norway]
Programme Background Russo-Ukraine War Since Russia invaded Ukraine on 24 February 2022, UAVs have proved vital to the country's defence. Consequently, as in this programme, the ...
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Military UAS - mini
Quantix Recon (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background April Meeting In mid-April, just shy of two months after Russia invaded Ukraine on 24 February, the Ambassador and the Defence Attaché at the Embassy of Ukraine met ...
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Main battle tanks
Merkava Mk3 [Cyprus]
Programme Background Following the announced donation of 41 T-80U/UK tanks to Ukraine, Cyprus is actively seeking a replacement MBT for its Armed Forces. Cyprus offered ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
S-400 [India]
Background India is modernising its air defence by procuring S-400 LRSAM systems (Triumf Missile System), which are planned to be used by the Air Force. The fifth system ...
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Main battle tanks
Leopard 2A8 [Germany]
Background Germany has operated the domestically produced Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Leopard 2 since its inception in the 1970s. Spanning now eight versions, the Leopard 2A8 is the latest ...
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Corvettes
Ada Class Corvettes (1-2) [Ukraine]
Background Timeline In October 2020, the MoD of Ukraine and the President of the Turkish Defence Industries signed a memorandum of understanding. This outlined intentions ...
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Fighter - multirole
Next Generation Fighter Aircraft (Vietnam)
Programme Background Requirement The Vietnam People's Air Force (VPAF) operates an ageing fleet of Su-22 aircraft as well as Su-27s and Su-30s. According to expert commentary, ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Main battle tanks
T-80UD
The 125mm-armed T-80UD MBT is a variant of the T-80 which was in production in Ukraine when the Soviet Union broke up in 1991. An ...
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Loitering munitions
AQV 100 Scalpel
The AQV 100 Scalpel, or AQV-100, is a low-cost loitering munition manufactured by One Way Aerospace. The drone is operated using a first-person view and ...
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Military UAS - micro
Mini 2
The Mini 2 is a micro rotary-wing drone from DJI. It features a 3-axis gimbaled 12MP camera for photographs and 4k/30fps for video capture. Shephard believes ...
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Transport
An-140
The An-140 is a light turboprop military transport aircraft developed from the An-140 regional airliner, which first flew in September 1997. It is designed to ...
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Air: sonar systems
VGS-3
The VGS-3 is a dipping sonar for the Ka-27/Ka-28 helicopter developed by the State Enterprise Kyiv Scientific Research Institute of Hydrodevices.
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Loitering munitions
Shahed-236
The Shahed-236, or MC 236, is a successor to the Shahed-126. It is a loitering munition designed in Iran. The drone was presented to Russia in ...
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Fighter - air superiority
MiG-29
The MiG-29 (NATO reporting name Fulcrum) is an air superiority fighter aircraft designed to engage air targets in any weather, day and night. The production ...
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Loitering munitions
FP-5 Flamingo
The FP-5 Flamingo is a ground-launched UAV system/cruise missile developed and manufactured by Fire Point. The system is designed to engage ground targets and is ...
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Military UAS - tactical
Orlan-10/10E
Developed by the Russia-based Special Technology Center, the Orlan-10 is a medium-range UAS with many variants, such as the 10E, an export version introduced in 2017. The ...
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Fighter - ground attack
Su-25
The Su-25 (NATO reporting name Frogfoot) is a single-seat ground attack aircraft developed for close combat air support missions. Production of the Su-25 began in ...
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Air-to-surface missiles
Kh-59/Kh-59E
The Kh-59, designated by NATO as the AS-13 "Kingbolt," is a TV command-guided air-launched cruise missile. It has been offered on the export market as Kh-59E.
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Land: coastal surveillance radars
Predel-E
The Predel-E is a coastal surveillance radar produced by Russian manufacturer Concern Morinformsystem-Agat JSC. The system is intended as an over-the-horizon surveillance system, designed to ...
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Artillery rockets
9M55
9M55 is a family of 300 mm artillery rockets developed for the BM-30 Uragan MLRS developed by the Soviet Union.
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Military UAS - mini
Matrice 300 RTK
The Matrice 300 RTK is a rotary-wing UAV manufactured by DJI. Despite being primarily aimed at industrial applications, militaries utilise it for ISR tasks. In ...
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Air: Helmet-mounted displays
SURA HMTDS
SURA is a helmet-mounted display system produced in Ukraine. Notably, it offers off-boresight acquisition capability to pilots and can cue the aircraft's sensor systems using ...
