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Land Warfare
Leopard MBT: Alpha beast gets a reboot (updated 2026)
6th April 2026
Leopard MBTs are German-made main battle tanks that have been in service since the Cold War and have undergone several upgrades to remain competitive in modern warfare. This article traces the history and development of the Leopard 1 and 2 as well as its variants, operational service and future prospects.
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Air Warfare
August crewed air review: KC-390 momentum builds as demand in the tanker market grows
2nd September 2026
The KC-390 is building a growing international operator base, but competition in the transport and tanker market is increasingly likely to depend on interoperability, commonality and the strength of supporting ecosystems. Meanwhile, Boeing’s KC-46 and Airbus’s A330 also gained ground in August.
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Naval Warfare
Spain’s F100 upgrade mirrors Aegis modernisation paths in allied navies
2nd February 2026
The Spanish Navy’s Alvaro de Bazan-class of air defence frigates will receive the latest Aegis Weapon System technology among other modernisations to extend the service life to 2045.
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Land Warfare
US Army set to receive first ISV-U-mounted Scorpion Light mortar
4th September 2026
Global Military Products will begin deliveries next week under a US$12.9 million agreement covering digitally enabled 81mm mortar systems, vehicle integration and army fire-control technology.
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Air Warfare
FIA 2026: Bell highlights MOSA-driven growth path for MV-75 Cheyenne
29th July 2026
Bell Flight’s modular open-systems approach for the US Army’s MV-75 Cheyenne could open doors for international allies and suppliers once locked out by closed rotorcraft architectures.
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Land Warfare
Hanwha debuts with US Army deal worth up to $3.6 billion as it eyes future M109 replacement
20th August 2026
The Mobile Tactical Cannon is to replace the US Army’s M777 towed howitzers which could result in the procurement of almost 500 systems at an estimated $3.59 billion.
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Air Warfare
Edge and Indra to form manufacturing entity to meet European loitering munition demand
15th January 2026
Once approved by shareholders, the newly established manufacturing company will be developed in Spain and will look to address the burgeoning demand for loitering munitions from Spain and the rest of Europe.
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Naval Warfare
UK Royal Navy dock build question remains open ahead of Programme Euston tender
15th May 2026
The UK MoD’s Programme Euston floating dry dock tender has exposed a question about the UK’s naval industrial base: does Britain still have the depth to sustain its own deterrent without foreign intervention.
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Land Warfare
Raytheon UK team awarded US$2.7 billion British Army training contract
10th July 2026
The British Army’s Collective Training System 15-year contract is planned to provide soldiers with an integrated, digitally enabled system and transform how they train, prepare and adapt for future missions.
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Land Warfare
Analysis: British Army Ajax in service after problematic delivery – but what now?
7th November 2025
The Ajax has finally rolled into place and achieved what the UK Ministry of Defence describes as Initial Operating Capability. With the production line for UK contracts only going to the end of the decade, what’s next?
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Land Warfare
UK Defence Investment Plan: What does it mean for the British Army?
30th June 2026
The UK’s Defence Investment Plan splurges big for future air and naval programmes, including new hybrid ships, but there are fewer big-ticket items for British Army vehicles. Shephard’s Damian Kemp looks at the much delayed plan.
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Land Warfare
US Army’s future autonomous launcher nears next phase with awards expected in August
16th July 2026
The Common Autonomous Multi-Domain Launcher (CAML) is the US Army’s main effort to provide an autonomous or optionally crewed missile launcher, with more details revealed at a CSIS webinar discussion this week.
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Air Warfare
Fuselage of the first US Army MV-75 Cheyenne tiltrotor “is nearing completion”
18th June 2026
Bell is advancing construction of the US Army’s next-generation MV-75 Cheyenne tiltrotor as FLRAA programme approaches testing, production and future battlefield deployment.
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Land Warfare
US Army reaches out to industry for M109 replacement in a deal worth up to $8 billion
3rd September 2026
The US has tried several times to replace the M109 Paladin self-propelled howitzer, a requirement which Shephard forecasts could be for as many as 670 platforms and worth as much as US$8 billion.
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Air Warfare
US Army resumes Apache flights as cause of fatal Texas crash remains undisclosed
25th August 2026
The rapid return to training leaves international AH-64 operators without a public explanation of whether the Fort Hood accident involved a potentially shared technical or maintenance risk.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Loitering munitions
Loitering Munitions [Spain]
Programme Background Fuerza 35 Project This project is a Spanish Army initiative to create and maintain an effective force by forming flexible, cohesive operational organisations, highly ...
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UAS: communication systems
UAS: communication systems | Small UAS [Spain]
The Spanish Army examined the Russo-Ukrainian War in early 2024 and incorporated many learnings into its Fuerza 35 Project, a restructuring and procurement modernisation initiative. ...
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UAS: flight control systems
UAS: flight control systems | Small UAS [Spain]
The Spanish Army examined the Russo-Ukrainian War in early 2024 and incorporated many learnings into its Fuerza 35 Project, a restructuring and procurement modernisation initiative. ...
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Military UAS - mini
Twister [Spain]
Background Background Fuerza 35 Project This project is a Spanish Army initiative to create and maintain an effective force by forming flexible and cohesive operational ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
VCR (Batch 1) [Spain]
Background Purpose The VCR programme is to replace several legacy wheeled and tracked vehicles currently in service with the Spanish Army, including the BMR-600 6x6, VEC-M1 ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
VCR (Batch 3) [Spain]
Background Purpose The VCR programme is to replace several legacy wheeled and tracked vehicles currently in service with the Spanish Army, including the BMR-600 6x6, ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
VCR (Batch 2) [Spain]
Background Purpose The VCR programme is to replace several legacy wheeled and tracked vehicles currently in service with the Spanish Army, including the BMR-600 6x6, ...
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Military UAS - micro
X10D [Spain]
Background Contract award On 27 May 2024, the Spanish Head of Economic Affairs of the Logistics Support Command issued a pre-tender announcement regarding the purchase ...
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Wheeled assault guns
B1 Centauro Replacement [Spain]
Background The Spanish Army entered the B1 Centauro into service between 2000 and 2006. Manufactured by the Italian Iveco and Oto Melara consortium CIO, the B1 ...
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Military UAS - mini
Vector [Spain]
Background Two tenders On 4 May 2025, Quantum Systems announced it had won two tenders from the Spanish Armed Forces to supply two different UAVs. According ...
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MPVs - 4x4
VAMTAC ST5 (Batch 4) [Spain]
Background The decision to acquire these vehicles comes within the wider context of the Spanish government announcing a significant increase in defence spending in order ...
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MPVs - 4x4
VAMTAC ST5 (Explosive Ordnance Disposal) [Spain]
Background The VAMTAC ST5 is already in Spanish service with the Spanish Army, Navy, and Air Force in various configurations. In June 2025, the Spanish ...
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Military UAS - mini
AKILA [Spain]
Background Contract award In October 2025, the Spanish Procurement Directorate of the Logistics Support Command of the Air and Space Force publicly issued a framework ...
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MPVs - 4x4
VAMTAC ST5 (Batch 3) [Spain]
Background The decision to acquire these vehicles comes within the wider context of the Spanish government announcing a significant increase in defence spending in order ...
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MPVs - 4x4
VAMTAC ST5 (Batch 2) [Spain]
Background The decision to acquire these vehicles comes within the wider context of the Spanish government announcing a significant increase in defence spending in order ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Heavy UGVs
Valkyrie
The Valkyrie is a 6x6 UGV developed by the Spanish company SASCorp. It was unveiled for the first time at FINDEF 2021. The platform has reportedly ...
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Towed guns
SIAC 155mm/52cal
The SIAC 155mm/52cal towed howitzer is the latest derivative of the 155mm/52cal APU SBT howitzer originally developed by GDELS-SBS in the 1990s to meet a ...
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LTVs - 4x4
Lantrek VMTT
The Landtrek VMTT is an LTV developed by Spain's Iturri to provide logistical and support functions. The Spanish Army became the debut customer in July ...
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Land: RWS
Guardian 2.0
The Guardian 2.0 RWS is an upgraded version of Escribano's Guardian RWS in service with the Spanish Army, which offers improved sensors and better stabilisation. ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
ASCOD Common Base Platform
GDELS unveiled a new variant of its tracked ASCOD (Austrian Spanish Cooperative Development) IFV based on the new Common Base Platform (CBP) at the June ...
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Land: vehicle simulators
Leopard 2E Simulators
Indra was prime contractor for the Spanish Army Leopard 2E Tank Simulation Programme, which involved 23 devices across driving, turret and platoon simulators with networking ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
VCR Dragon
Having received a $2 billion order from the Spanish Army, the General Dynamics European Land Systems VCR Dragon 8x8 IFV is swiftly replacing the ageing BMR-600 6x6 ...
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Military UAS - mini
Alcotán
The Alcotán is a lightweight, hand-launched platform. Designed by USOL, the system features an aerial platform, autopilot and GCS. It is suitable for both civil ...
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LTVs - 4x4
Neton
The 4x4 Neton Ultrafast Tactical Vehicle is manufactured by Spanish firm Einsa. It is an all-terrain, highly mobile and air-transportable SF platform. Following an evaluation ...
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APCs/IFVs - 6x6
BMR-600
The BMR-600 "Pegaso" is a wheeled fully-amphibious 6x6 APC which began development in 1972. It was originally designed by Santa Barbara Sistemas which is now ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
ASCOD
The Austrian Spanish Cooperative Development (ASCOD) I/CFV was developed to meet the joint requirements of the Austrian and Spanish armies for a medium-weight armoured vehicle ...
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Loitering munitions
Q-SLAM-40
The QLM-40, or Q-SLAM-40, is a multi-purpose loitering munition manufactured by Arquimea. It is launched from a pneumatic launcher, powered by an electric motor and contains an ISR payload ...
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Military UAS - mini
Fulmar X
The Fulmar X is a Thales UAV designed to carry out high-quality ISTAR missions for civil and military applications. A complete system comprises two UAVs, launch and recovery ...
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Individual assault/anti-tank weapons
Alcotan-100
The Alcotan-100 is a recoilless, shoulder-launched, antitank rocket launcher developed to meet a Spanish Army requirement, entering service in 2008. In 2014, the Peruvian Army ...
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Light machine guns
MG4
The 5.56mm MG4 has been in German Army service since 2005 and sold to at least five export customers, including the Spanish Army. The MG4 ...
