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Defence Notes
Spain unveils new multi-billion euro defence investment plan
24th April 2025
The new plan outlined how Spain would reach 2% of its GDP spend on defence by 2025, with €1.9 billion earmarked for new equipment acquisition with several land, naval and air platforms disclosed to be replaced or upgraded.
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Air Warfare
Germany signs contract for 20 Tranche 5 Eurofighters
17th October 2025
The aircraft will be delivered between 2031 and 2034 and will be upgraded with the latest electronic warfare capabilities to the EK configuration.
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Land Warfare
2025 land market review: British Army woes, European heavy armour and US MBT progress
18th December 2025
The last year has seen several major procurements in the land market. Shephard’s Dr Peter Magill reviews the main trends and themes in land procurement of 2025.
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Air Warfare
TAI and Airbus collaborate on Hurjet trainer for Spain
15th May 2025
The Hurjet is pitched as the front runner for the Spanish Air Force’s Advanced Jet Trainer replacement programme for its ageing F-5M aircraft.
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Air Warfare
Airbus Helicopters sees defence portfolio’s “strong momentum” continue into 2026
28th January 2026
The aerospace company’s 2025 performance figures revealed significant orders from various European armed forces and a boost in demand for its uncrewed offerings.
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Land Warfare
Spain to invest billions of dollars on howitzers and other vehicles as it looks to select new tanks
16th July 2025
The Spanish Government has outlined plans to purchase communications and cybersecurity capabilities but most notably amphibious combat vehicles, self-propelled howitzers (SPHs), bridge-laying vehicles and an effort to replace its tanks from 2040.
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Defence Notes
NATO experiments with solutions to integrate networks, AI and uncrewed systems
2nd December 2025
During the latest edition of the NATO DiBaX, the alliance tested multiple capabilities to inform requirements for future efforts.
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Land Warfare
Land forces review: British Army vehicle programme stalls and company results land
26th November 2025
In the first monthly review of land forces stories, the Shephard team looks back to evaluate the major news events that have impacted the sector. The UK’s Land Mobility Programme was notable but another setback occurred when a market industry day was scrapped.
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Air Warfare
Singapore investigates rotary-wing crewed-uncrewed teaming
25th July 2025
Initial exploration of helicopter crewed-uncrewed teaming capabilities will commence in late-2025 and could potentially help shape future programmes involving launched effects.
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Air Warfare
Spanish Air Force receives first converted A330 MRTT
14th April 2025
The second and third Airbus A330 MRTT for the Spanish Air Force have been undergoing conversion in Getafe, Madrid.
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Naval Warfare
US Coast Guard announces $350 million investment in robotics and autonomous systems
26th September 2025
The USCG will use part of this funding to acquire SkyDio X10D short-range uncrewed aircraft systems, VideoRay Defender remotely operated vehicles and Qinetiq Squad Packable Utility and mini-SPUR robots.
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Air Warfare
France pushes for 80% workshare as FCAS programme nears critical development stage
9th July 2025
Tensions on the programme have long simmered, with Airbus and Dassault recently clashing over workshare in June ahead of the Paris Air Show. The sixth-generation fighter programme is due to replace Rafale and Eurofighter Typhoon jets beginning in 2040.
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Land Warfare
GDELS unveils Nemesis 155mm SPG at FEINDEF
13th May 2025
GDELS has unveiled the Nemesis self-propelled artillery system, combining the ASCOD chassis with KNDS’s Artillery Gun Module to enhance European artillery capabilities.
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Land Warfare
Refresh of Romanian army vehicles speeds up
12th June 2025
Romania received its first Cobra MkII 4×4 light tactical armoured vehicles, ordered Abrams main battle tanks (MBTs) and VAMTAC light vehicles, and is set to invest billions-of-dollars in infantry fighting vehicles.
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Land Warfare
DSEI 2025: Leopard 1 offered extra kick with new power pack
4th September 2025
The new power pack from Germany’s Flensburger Fahrzeugbau Gesellschaft (FFG) is about 300kg lighter than the original system, consists of a more modern eight-cylinder diesel developing up to 1,080hp. It is being shown for the first time at DSEI.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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VMOE
Programme Background The Spanish Army's SOF units are procuring the VMOE to meet their requirements for an SOV with sufficient firepower, mobility and mine-protection to ...
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Loitering munitions
Loitering Munitions [Spain]
Programme Background Fuerza 35 Project This project is a Spanish Army initiative to create and maintain an effective force by forming flexible, cohesive operational organisations, highly ...
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UAS: communication systems
UAS: communication systems | Small UAS [Spain]
The Spanish Army examined the Russo-Ukrainian War in early 2024 and incorporated many learnings into its Fuerza 35 Project, a restructuring and procurement modernisation initiative. ...
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UAS: flight control systems
UAS: flight control systems | Small UAS [Spain]
The Spanish Army examined the Russo-Ukrainian War in early 2024 and incorporated many learnings into its Fuerza 35 Project, a restructuring and procurement modernisation initiative. ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
X10D [Spain]
Background Fuerza 35 Project This project is a Spanish Army initiative to create and maintain an effective force by forming flexible and cohesive operational organisations, ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Twister [Spain]
Background Background Fuerza 35 Project This project is a Spanish Army initiative to create and maintain an effective force by forming flexible and cohesive operational ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Vector / Scorpion [Spain]
Background Fuerza 35 Project This project is a Spanish Army initiative to create and maintain an effective force by forming flexible and cohesive operational organisations, ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
VCR (Batch 1) [Spain]
Programme Background Purpose The VCR programme is to replace several legacy wheeled and tracked vehicles currently in service with the Spanish Army including the BMR-600 6x6, ...
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Military UAS - small
Small UAS [Spain]
Programme Background Fuerza 35 Project This project is a Spanish Army initiative to create and maintain an effective force by forming flexible and cohesive operational ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
VCR (Batch 2) [Spain]
Programme Background Purpose The VCR programme is to replace several legacy wheeled and tracked vehicles currently in service with the Spanish Army including the BMR-600 6x6, ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
VCR (Batch 3) [Spain]
Programme Background Purpose The VCR programme is to replace several legacy wheeled and tracked vehicles currently in service with the Spanish Army including the BMR-600 ...
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MPVs - 4x4
VAMTAC ST5 (Explosive Ordnance Disposal) [Spain]
Programme Background The VAMTAC ST5 is already in Spanish service with the Spanish Army, Navy, and Air Force in various configurations. In June 2025, the ...
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MPVs - 4x4
VAMTAC ST5 (Batch 3) [Spain]
Programme Background The decision to acquire these vehicles comes within the wider context of the Spanish government announcing a significant increase in defence spending in ...
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MPVs - 4x4
VAMTAC ST5 (Batch 2) [Spain]
Programme Background The decision to acquire these vehicles comes within the wider context of the Spanish government announcing a significant increase in defence spending in ...
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Neton VLOE
Programme Background The VLOE will replace several variants of the VLOE Lathar (a SOF vehicles based on the Nissan Patrol ML-6 COTS chassis) currently in ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Heavy UGVs
Valkyrie
The Valkyrie is a 6x6 UGV developed by the Spanish company SASCorp. It was unveiled for the first time at FINDEF 2021. The platform has reportedly ...
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Towed guns
SIAC 155mm/52cal
The SIAC 155mm/52cal towed howitzer is the latest derivative of the 155mm/52cal APU SBT howitzer originally developed by GDELS-SBS in the 1990s to meet a ...
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Land: RWS
Guardian 2.0
The Guardian 2.0 RWS is an upgraded version of Escribano's Guardian RWS in service with the Spanish Army, which offers improved sensors and better stabilisation. ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
ASCOD Common Base Platform
GDELS unveiled a new variant of its tracked ASCOD (Austrian Spanish Cooperative Development) IFV based on the new Common Base Platform (CBP) at the June ...
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Land: vehicle simulators
Leopard 2E Simulators
Indra was prime contractor for the Spanish Army Leopard 2E Tank Simulation Programme, which involved 23 devices across driving, turret and platoon simulators with networking ...
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LTVs - 4x4
Neton
The 4x4 Neton Ultrafast Tactical Vehicle is manufactured by Spanish firm Einsa. It is an all-terrain, highly mobile and air-transportable SF platform. Following an evaluation ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Alcotán
The Alcotán is a lightweight, hand-launched platform. Designed by USOL, the system features an aerial platform, autopilot and GCS. It is suitable for both civil ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
ASCOD
The Austrian Spanish Cooperative Development (ASCOD) I/CFV was developed to meet the joint requirements of the Austrian and Spanish armies for a medium-weight armoured vehicle ...
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APCs/IFVs - 6x6
BMR-600
The BMR-600 "Pegaso" is a wheeled fully-amphibious 6x6 APC which began development in 1972. It was originally designed by Santa Barbara Sistemas which is now ...
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Loitering munitions
Q-SLAM-40
The QLM-40, or Q-SLAM-40, is a multi-purpose loitering munition manufactured by Arquimea. It is launched from a pneumatic launcher, powered by an electric motor and contains an ISR payload ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
Piranha V
The Piranha V, the latest member of the Piranha family of wheeled armoured fighting vehicles, introduced a vehicle in the upper weight class. Unveiled in ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
VCR Dragon
Having received a $2 billion order from the Spanish Army, the General Dynamics European Land Systems VCR Dragon 8x8 IFV is swiftly replacing the ageing BMR-600 6x6 ...
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Light machine guns
MG4
The 5.56mm MG4 has been in German Army service since 2005 and sold to at least five export customers, including the Spanish Army. The MG4 ...
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Individual assault/anti-tank weapons
Alcotan-100
The Alcotan-100 is a recoilless, shoulder-launched, antitank rocket launcher developed to meet a Spanish Army requirement, entering service in 2008. In 2014, the Peruvian Army ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Fulmar X
The Fulmar X is a Thales UAV designed to carry out high-quality ISTAR missions for civil and military applications. A complete system comprises two UAVs, launch and recovery ...
