• Defence Notes

  Russia hesitates as Ukraine grits its teeth (Opinion)

  3rd March 2022

  Although Russia should win the war in Ukraine with firepower alone, the latter still has a number of factors in its favour.

• Defence Notes

  Energetic exports mask modernisation issues for Ukrainian industry

  7th February 2022

  While much attention focuses on the equipment Ukraine is receiving from foreign allies in its current stand-off with Russia, the domestic defence industry has been particularly active in overseas markets.

• Defence Notes

  Putin’s war in Ukraine has far-reaching implications for Asian militaries

  3rd March 2022

  There is potential for future Asian imports of Russian equipment to be hammered hard, and for increasing difficulties in maintaining current equipment, after Putin's ill-advised invasion of Ukraine.

• Defence Notes

  Latvia amends legislation to improve readiness of armed forces

  13th May 2020

  Latvia is set to enhance the readiness of its armed forces, after government minister approved legislative amendments that will implement a comprehensive national defence system …

• Digital Battlespace

  EW Europe: Russia's electronic war in Ukraine

  14th June 2017

  Russia has two army corps of proxies operating in Ukrainian territory, including electronic warfare companies, defence sources have revealed. These units are experts, trained to …

Programme Results - Defence Insight

• Self-propelled rocket launchers

  HIMARS [Sweden]

  Programme Background Following the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, Sweden began a process of military modernisation, in line with trends across much of Europe.  The ...

• Military helicopters - multirole

  Multirole Helicopters [Poland]

  Programme Background In 2020, Poland announced the launch of the Perkoz programme to acquire 32 support helicopters to replace its fleet of Mi-2 aircraft stationed ...

• Military UAS - small

  Small UAS [Spain]

  Programme Background Fuerza 35 Project This project is a Spanish Army initiative to create and maintain an effective force by forming flexible and cohesive operational ...

• Self-propelled guns

  New wheeled howitzer [Spain]

  Background The majority of Spain's current artillery fleet consists of towed platforms, with over 200 in service. Its SPH capability consists of 96 M109A5 Paladins. Spain's ...

• APCs/IFVs - 8x8

  Boxer (RCH 155) (Batch 1) [Germany]

  Programme Background The war in Ukraine has demonstrated the importance of maintaining a large number of long-range fires. Since February 2022, Germany has donated a ...

• Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini

  Twister [Spain]

  Background Background Fuerza 35 Project This project is a Spanish Army initiative to create and maintain an effective force by forming flexible and cohesive operational ...

• Military helicopters - transport/heavy lift

  Heavy Lift Helicopter [Philippines]

  Programme Background Procurement from Russia In November 2021, Philippine Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana confirmed that a contract had been signed to acquire 16 Mi-171 heavy ...

• APCs/IFVs - 8x8

  Boxer (RCH 155) (Batch 2) [Germany]

  Programme Background The war in Ukraine has demonstrated the importance of maintaining a large number of long-range fires. Since February 2022, Germany has donated a ...

• Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing

  Vector / Scorpion [Spain]

  Background Fuerza 35 Project This project is a Spanish Army initiative to create and maintain an effective force by forming flexible and cohesive operational organisations, ...

• APCs/IFVs - 8x8

  Boxer (RCH 155) [Ukraine]

  Programme Background The war in Ukraine has demonstrated the importance of maintaining a large number of long-range fires. Since February 2022, Germany has donated a ...

• Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing

  X10D [Spain]

  Background Fuerza 35 Project This project is a Spanish Army initiative to create and maintain an effective force by forming flexible and cohesive operational organisations, ...

• APCs/IFVs - tracked

  CV90 [Sweden]

  Programme Background As the domestic manufacturer and original operator of the CV90 IFV, Sweden has had a continuous fleet of CV90s in service since the ...

• Main battle tanks

  K2 (Phase 1) [Poland]

  Programme Background Requirement Poland's K2 purchase is the successor of the Wilk programme which aimed to replace the country's Soviet-era T-72 and PT-91 MBTs with a ...

• Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - tactical

  Larger UAVs [Estonia]

  Background 2026-2029 Defence Investment On 30 July 2025, the Republic of Estonia’s Minister of Defence, Hanno Pevkur, announced the approval of a development plan allocating more ...

• Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - small

  StormShroud: Autonomous Collaboration Platform (ACP) [UK]

  Background Autonomous Collaboration Platform (ACP) Strategy Reflecting on lessons learned from the cancellation of the Mosquito programme, the Royal Air Force (RAF) redefined the role ...

Equipment Results - Defence Insight

• Laser-directed energy weapons

  Tryzub Laser

  Ukraine's Tryzub (Trident) laser was revealed during the European Defence Industry: Prospects for Cooperation with the Ukrainian Defence Industry conference in 2025. Video footage from ...

• Loitering munitions, Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing

  Attritable Multirotor First Person View (AM-FPV)

  Unveiled in May 2025, the Attritable Multirotor First Person View (AM-FPV) is a low-cost, rapidly deployable platform for strike and ISR missions, inspired by battlefield lessons from ...

• MPVs - 4x4

  Tur 7

  Unveiled in 2022, AMZ-Kutno's Tur 7 is the latest iteration of the company's Tur 4x4 armoured vehicles. The 12t vehicle is offered in several configurations ...

• Surface-to-air missiles

  9M333

  9M333 is a short-range, surface-to-air missile designed to protect army units in any form of combat operations and on the march against air attacks and ...

• Surface-to-air missiles

  9M33

  The 9M33 is a Soviet short-range tactical surface-to-air missile designed for the 9K33 Osa (NATO reporting name: SA-8 'Gecko') and Osa-M air defence missile systems. ...

• Air-to-surface missiles

  Kh-47M2 Kinzhal

  The Kh-47M2 Kinzhal is a Russian air-launched ballistic missile (ALBM) with nuclear and conventional capabilities derived from the Iskander missile. The missile can be used ...

• Land: RWS

  Pitbull

  General Robotics developed the lightweight Pitbull family of remote weapons station for use on aerial, land and naval crewed or uncrewed platforms. Armed with a single ...

• Man-portable missile systems

  RBS 70 system

  The RBS 70 was developed in the 1970s to meet the Swedish Army’s requirement for a low-cost, easy-to-use MANPADS which could function in extreme climatic ...

• MPVs - 4x4

  Cougar

  The Cougar is a lightweight 4x4 APC based on the Toyota Land Cruiser. Designed to deliver high mobility in urban and rural environments, the Cougar ...

• APCs/IFVs - tracked

  BMP-3

  The BMP-3 was designed as a successor to the BMP-1 and BMP-2 IFVs, entering service with the Soviet Red Army in 1987.  Armed with a ...

• Main battle tanks

  Challenger 2

  The 120mm-armed Challenger 2 MBT was introduced into British Army service in 1994 as a replacement for the Challenger 1, which was successfully employed in ...