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Air Warfare
Pentagon’s 800% PAC-3 MSE surge faces production bottleneck as Patriot demand soars
20th August 2026
The Pentagon wants to procure 3,203 PAC-3 MSE interceptors in FY2027, but production constraints and international demand could impact efforts to rebuild depleted missile stocks.
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Defence Notes
Industrial capacity under scrutiny as US approves further $8.6 billion Middle East arms sale
7th May 2026
The fast-tracked emergency approvals come as the conflict in the Middle East stretches out into its third month, after Iranian attacks depleted US allies’ missile stockpiles and testing air defence systems.
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Air Warfare
Switzerland faces procurement shake-up with reduced F-35 buy and five-year Patriot delays
9th March 2026
The reduction in the number of planned F-35A aircraft from 36 to 30 by the Swiss government comes due to budget constraints, with no firm plans to fill the gap despite “negative consequences”.
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Land Warfare
US Army’s future autonomous launcher nears next phase with awards expected in August
16th July 2026
The Common Autonomous Multi-Domain Launcher (CAML) is the US Army’s main effort to provide an autonomous or optionally crewed missile launcher, with more details revealed at a CSIS webinar discussion this week.
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Naval Warfare
Lockheed Martin confirms 2029 target date for US Navy’s Aegis/PAC-3 MSE integration
23rd April 2026
Enabling Aegis-equipped vessels to launch PAC-3 MSE interceptors will give the USN more options to engage highly manoeuvrable hypersonic missiles – including the ones China has been developing.
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Land Warfare
UAE’s first combat use of M-SAM II could raise export prospects for South Korean air defence
13th March 2026
Reported to provide a high percentage of precision in its engagements, the South Korean air defence system has been receiving growing international interest since it was deployed by the UAE to defeat Iranian missiles.
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Defence Notes
US lawmakers prepare a historic investment in stockpile replenishment in FY2027
9th June 2026
The House Armed Services Committee recently released the Chairman’s NDAA FY2027 markup, which supports the Pentagon’s request for nearly $90 billion for long-range missiles, air defence interceptors, precision-guided munitions and industrial baseline items.
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Air Warfare
Iran war exposes the limits of US military mass
1st September 2026
As the Straits of Hormuz continue to witness military action of various types, what does this mean for combat air and air defence planners in the region and beyond?
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Air Warfare
US Army seeks missile costing less than $150,000 to counter Group 2 and 3 drones
25th August 2026
The service wants a rapid-response, extended-range interceptor compatible with the Coyote launcher and wider US Army air-defence architecture, with initial testing scheduled for late 2026.
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Defence Notes
White House calls on Pentagon contractors to “rapidly and aggressively” boost weapon production
5th March 2026
Intended to sustain Operation Epic Fury against Iran, efforts to increase the production of weapons and ammunition could expose long-standing weaknesses in the US defence industrial base.
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Land Warfare
Ukraine receives more Patriot batteries as Centauros break cover
4th November 2025
President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy has announced the arrival of more Patriot air defence systems in his country. The development follows the Ukrainian Foreign Minister Andriy Sybiha calling for 10 more systems last month and Zelenskyy reiterating the need for more.
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Air Warfare
UK vows to accelerate Lyra programme for Ukraine as defence industry eyes opportunities
23rd March 2026
Project Nightfall and Project Octopus both fall under the Lyra programme, with UK industry working to develop and deliver additional missiles and drones to help bolster Ukraine’s warfighting capabilities against Russia.
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Air Warfare
Attack drones versus CUAS – the future of warfare or just another trend?
17th August 2026
Demand signals for counter-drone technology are strong and the market is becoming crowded, but is this really the beginning of a new phase of warfare or will commentators be talking about something else 10 years from now?
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Defence Notes
DARPA, Raytheon and Northrop Grumman join forces to improve missile production
27th May 2026
Working together with DARPA in the Burn n’ Go programme, Northrop Grumman and Raytheon are supporting the development of a common, single-use solid rocket motor design to equip diverse weapon systems.
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Land Warfare
Australia’s SM-2 land trial could reshape ADF medium-range air defence plans
27th July 2026
The first ground launch of the SM-2 could offer Canberra a path to expand its missile defence capability by adapting systems already fielded across the ADF.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Patriot Air Defence System (2023) [Spain]
Background Spain already operates 18 Patriot PAC-2 launch units and in 2023 ordered four of the newer Patriot Configuration-3+ Modernized Fire Units for its armoury, along ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Patriot Air Defence System [Romania]
Background Romania selected the Patriot air and missile defence system to improve its capabilities against current and future air threats. The Foreign Military Sale (FMS) ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Patriot Upgrade [Greece]
Background In September 2021, Saudi Arabia deployed a Greek battery near Riyadh under the Integrated Air Missile Defense Concept. The battery was used to intercept ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Ballistic Missile Defence [Finland]
Background Finland's 2025-2036 Long-Term Defence Plan allocated $1.7-2.6 billion for two long-range air defense systems designed against short-range ballistic missiles, with delivery targeted from 2029 and ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Patriot Air Defence System (2025) [Germany]
Background In 2025, it was announced that Germany would donate two Patriot air defence systems to Ukraine. To make up for the reduction in German ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
GEM-T Missiles [Sweden]
Background A coalition of European countries has signed a $5.6-billion contract to procure 1,000 Patriot Guidance Enhanced Missile (GEM-T) interceptors under the auspices of the NATO Support ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Long Range Air Defence [Belgium]
Background In its Strategic Vision Defence 2025 Capability Investment Portfolio (CIP) document, Belgium announced that it has budgeted €1,981,590,000 ($2,287,101,638) for three long-range air defence systems. A decision is ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Long Range Air Defence [Norway]
Background Following a 2023 report which bluntly stated that the Norwegian military was not ready for war and that particular gaps existed in air defence in ...
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MPVs - 4x4
4x4 Command and Reconnaissance Vehicle [Poland]
Programme Background The Polish Army wants to replace legacy Soviet equipment procured during the Cold War with new NATO-standard platforms to enhance its interoperability with ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
FY 2027 Patriot Advanced Capability 3 (PAC-3) Missile Segment Enhancement [US]
Background The US Army's FY 2027 budget includes $1.3 billion in discretionary and $10.9 billion in mandatory funding to purchase 2798 (244 discretionary and 2554 mandatory) Patriot Advanced Capability 3 ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
Patriot Air Defence System (2023) [Germany]
Background In 2024 Germany placed two orders totalling $2.4 billion for eight Patriot surface-to-air missile systems. Although there were two contracts signed, they are dealt with ...
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Military helicopters - multirole
VH-92A Helo Executive Helicopter
Background In 2014, Sikorsky was awarded a US$1.24 billion contract to provide six VH-92As with 17 options to USMC for Marine Squadron One. These aircraft ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
MSAM Replacement [Norway]
Background Kongsberg's NASAMS has been one of the export successes of recent years in the GBAD sector; however, the Norwegian Government recognises that there will ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Land Ground Based Air Defence [UK]
Background In November 2023, the UK published the Land Ground Based Air Defence (GBAD) Prior Information Notice, which informed industry of the future direction of the ...
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Military helicopters - attack
AH-64E Apache (1-24) [Qatar]
Methodology PGO As this programme is complete, the PGO is 100%. Units required A total of 24 AH-64E Apache units were required as a part of ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Patriot Air Defence System
The MIM-104 Phased Array Tracking to Intercept of Target (Patriot) is an American Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) system designed for air-defence duties. The original Standard MIM-104A ...
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MPVs - 4x4
Patriot 4x4
The Patriot is an MPV designed by CSG Defence's Excalibur Army.
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Surface-to-air missiles
MIM-104E PAC-2 Guidance Enhanced Missile-Tactical ballistic missile (GEM-T)
An upgrade to the PAC-2 missile, the Guidance Enhanced Missile TBM (GEM-T) is designed to defeat tactical ballistic missiles, cruise missiles or enemy aircraft in ...
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MPVs - 4x4
Patriot II
The Patriot II multipurpose 4x4 armoured vehicle is a further development of Excalibur Army's original Patriot. Longer and heavier than its predecessor, the Patriot II ...
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Data links
MIDS LVT-2/11
The MIDS LVT-2/11 is a self-contained mobile system that provides a ground link for simultaneous coordination of air, land and maritime forces. The system can ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
SkyCeptor
The SkyCeptor missile is a multi-mission interceptor developed collaboratively by Raytheon and Israel's Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. It is a derivative of the Stunner missile ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
MIM-104F PAC-3 Missile Segment Enhancement (MSE)
The PAC-3 Missile Segment Enhancement (MSE) is an advanced variant of the Patriot Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3) missile, designed to provide enhanced performance in air and ...
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MPVs - 4x4
T815 Patriot
Excalibur Army introduced the T815 Patriot Medium Armoured Tactical Multi-Mission Vehicle (MATMMV) at the June 2018 Eurosatory exhibition. The first prototype of the company-funded vehicle ...
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Data links
Class 2M Terminal
The Class 2M terminal is single unit with integral receiver/transmitter, providing data processing with an X.25 interface and cooling system. It offers the same performance ...
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Data links
PADIL
The PATRIOT Digital Information Link (PADIL) is a secure point-to-point, full-duplex link for exchanging information between PATRIOT battalions and batteries at a rate of 32Kb/s. ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
MIM-104 C/D/E (Patriot PAC-2)
The MIM-104C Phased Array Tracking to Intercept of Target (Patriot) Advanced Capability-2 (PAC-2) is an American Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) designed for air-defence duties. The original ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
MIM-104 A/B Patriot (PAC-1)
The MIM-104 Phased Array Tracking to Intercept of Target (Patriot) is an American Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) designed for air defence duties. The original Patriot entered US ...
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Land: air defence radar
AN/MPQ-65
The AN/MPQ-65 is a C-band passive electronically scanned phased array radar designed for the PAC-3 surface-to-air missile defence system.
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Surface-to-air missiles
MIM-104F Patriot PAC-3 (CRI)
The MIM-104F Phased Array Tracking to Intercept of Target (Patriot) Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3) is a long-range, medium- to high-altitude, all-weather air defence missile designed to ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
Indirect Fire Protection Capability [US]
Leidos' Indirect Fire Protection Capability has been selected to provide medium-range Ground Based Air Defence (GBAD) to sit between SHORAD and the high-end Patriot.