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Air Warfare
UK bets big on drone investment and boosts its drone deliveries to Ukraine tenfold
4th June 2025
The £4 billion domestic funding package will go towards the development of autonomous and uncrewed aerial systems and was announced in the wake of the publication of the UK Strategic Defence Review.
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Defence Notes
Foreshadowing of UK defence review suggests it is light on programme details
2nd June 2025
The UK’s Strategic Defence Review (SDR) was designed to answer two questions: What is needed to fix UK defence and make it fit for the 2040s, and what do you get for a fixed financial profile? The SDR outlines that work still needs to be done on specifics.
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Air Warfare
Why is the US military focusing on having low-cost, disposable drones in its inventory?
1st June 2025
Diverse acquisition and development efforts across the US Department of Defence (DoD) have been focusing on the benefits cheap uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer.
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Land Warfare
Early prototype of General Dynamics M1E3 main battle tank displayed at Detroit auto show
16th January 2026
The first prototype M1E3 main battle tank was handed over to the US Army for testing and evaluation earlier this year, and now a pre-prototype has been unveiled. What have we learned from the vehicle first seen on 14 January?
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Naval Warfare
Khabarovsk submarine launch reflects Russia’s nuclear modernisation progress
5th November 2025
The nuclear-powered vessel, which could carry the Poseidon autonomous torpedo – dubbed the “doomsday missile” – marks another step forward in Russia’s maritime defence push.
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Air Warfare
Saab to explore possible Gripen production in Canada
6th November 2025
The potential expansion of production comes in the wake of Ukraine signing a letter of intent with Sweden for Gripen jets.
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Air Warfare
Anduril awarded latest OPF-L contract with around $155.2 million still up for grabs
20th January 2026
As the US Marine Corps continues to push loitering munitions as a core battlefield tool, Shephard looks at how the latest contract award factors into future potential purchases.
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Digital Battlespace
AUSA 2025: Persistent Systems to complete its largest order by year’s end
15th October 2025
Persistent Systems received its largest ever single order for its MPU5 devices and other systems earlier this month and has already delivered the 50 units to the US Army’s 4th Infantry Division.
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Land Warfare
US approves more than $650 million in possible Foreign Military Sales to Ukraine
29th July 2025
The possible sales focus on maintenance and sustainment for a variety of equipment used by the Ukrainian armed forces, notably air defence equipment, MIM-23 Hawk missiles, M109 howitzers and Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicles (IFVs).
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Air Warfare
Why the F-16 fighter jet remains a force to be reckoned with (updated 2026)
28th January 2026
The Lockheed Martin F-16 fighter jet remains in the limelight more than 40 years after its first flight. Shephard sums up the latest developments and details everything you need to know about the aircraft in 2026.
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Land Warfare
Milrem THeMIS robot tests weapon firing to beyond one kilometre
13th August 2025
The Milrem Robotics Tracked Hybrid Modular Infantry System (THeMIS) uncrewed ground vehicle (UGV) has seen extensive service in Ukraine with an additional six ordered for Ukraine in May.
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Land Warfare
What do Russia or Ukraine need to win the war?
28th February 2025
Shephard looks at both the doctrine and equipment perspective and considers what both countries would require in order to ensure victory.
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Land Warfare
Next stage approved for major European robot programme
21st November 2025
The European Commission and Milrem Robotics have signed a grant agreement for iMUGS2, following on from the original iMUGS collaboration to develop modular and scalable architecture for crewed and uncrewed systems.
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Air Warfare
2025 UAV market review: $7.8 billion in new contracts signed as US leads spending
17th December 2025
Qatar and Indonesia followed the US’s high spending on new uncrewed aerial vehicle contracts across 2025, while MALE and micro drones and loitering munitions were particularly popular subcategories this year.
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Land Warfare
DSEI 2025: ARX Robotics unveils combat version of Gereon UGV
2nd September 2025
Combat Gereon uncrewed ground vehicle (UGV) will be unveiled with Valhalla Turrets’ Loki remote-controlled weapon station, showcasing modular payload integration and full interoperability within ARX’s Mithra operating system-enabled ground fleet.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Golden Eagle (Ukraine Aid) [NATO Member]
Programme Background 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, the usage and effectiveness of micro and mini UAV platforms ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - tactical
Orlan-10 [Russian Navy]
Background Frigate Augmentation Before Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the country planned to augment its Admiral Gorshkov class frigates with indigenously developed Orlan-10 ...
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Loitering munitions
Switchblade 600 (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background $300 Million USAI (1 April 2022) On 1 April 2022, the US DoD announced a $300 million military aid package for Ukraine following ...
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APCs/IFVs - 6x6
Patria 6x6 (Ukraine Aid) [Latvia]
Programme Background Since the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Latvia has been part of the allied coalition providing Ukraine with military support. Previous Latvian ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
CV90 (Ukraine Aid) [Denmark & Sweden]
Programme Background Following the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Ukraine was the recipient of a number of Western systems, many of which ...
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MPVs - 4x4
Spartan SUT [Russia]
Programme Background Despite international sanctions following the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, Streit Group vehicles are believed to have continued to make their way into ...
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Main battle tanks
Leopard 2A8 [Croatia]
Programme Background Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Croatia became the latest in a string of Eastern/Central European countries to bolster its ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
KF41 Lynx [Ukraine]
Programme Background Following the full-scale Russian invasion in 2022, Ukraine has sought to acquire a range of different Western platforms to replace its older Soviet ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - small
AR3 (Ukraine Aid) [UK]
Background £270 Million investment On 15 September 2025, the UK MoD noted that, since the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the UK ...
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Military helicopters - multirole
Ka-226T- Air Force [India]
Programme Background India had operated a diverse and antiquated fleet of helicopters to support its high-altitude operations along contested borders with China and Pakistan. Reducing ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing
Drones (Ukraine Aid) [Norway]
Programme Background September 2024 On 3 September 2024, the Norwegian government announced that "Ukraine will get more drones donated to their frontline, and more air ...
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MPVs - 4x4
VBMR-L Serval [Croatia]
Programme Background Since the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, many European countries have been modernising their armed forces. Croatia is no exception ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - fixed-wing
Phoenix Ghost (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background Presidential Drawdown (21 April 2022) Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, on 21 April 2022, President Biden announced an $800 ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
Bison & Coyote (Ukraine Aid) [Canada]
Programme Background Since the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Canada has been one of several NATO countries to supply Ukraine with continuous support. ...
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Military helicopters - multirole
Ka-226T - Army [India]
Programme Background India had operated a diverse and antiquated fleet of helicopters to support its high-altitude operations along contested borders with China and Pakistan. Reducing ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Transport/tanker aircraft
Il-78M
Based on the Il-76 transport, the Il-78 convertible tanker/transport aircraft first entered service in 1974 and was followed three years later by the improved Il-78M ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - small
Shark
The Shark is a fixed-wing catapult-launched ISR UAV developed by Ukrspecsystems. The Shark-D is the original variant; an improved Shark-M variant was unveiled in early 2025. ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Bayraktar TB2
The Bayraktar TB2, or Bayraktar-2, is a medium-altitude long-endurance UAV developed and manufactured by Baykar. The platform can conduct ISR and armed attack missions and has a ...
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Land: battlefield and ground surveillance radar, Land: coastal surveillance radars
SNAR-10M1
The SNAR-10M1 is a mobile, armoured, self-propelled radar system manufactured by Almaz-Antey. It is designed with an automatic coordinate readout for locating moving ground and ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Orion / Orion-E
The Orion, sometimes called the Inokhodets, is the first Russian-manufactured MALE UAV that has been designed to carry out a wide variety of military surveillance applications. Russia has ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - tactical
Forpost (series)
The Forpost was a variant of the Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) Searcher Mk II produced under license in Russia until 2016. Following US pressure, Israel refused to ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
BMP-1
The BMP-1 (Bronevaya Maschina Piekhota-1) is a tracked amphibious IFV that was developed in the Soviet Union during the 1960s. Entering service with the Soviet ...
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Land: air defence radar
Nebo-SVU
The Nebo-SVU is an air defence radar distributed by Rosoboronexport in Russia and is currently used by the Russian Army and the Iranian Army. It ...
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MPVs - 4x4
KamAZ-43269 Vystrel
The KamAZ-43269 Vystrel (originally known as the BPM-97) is a 4x4 armoured vehicle based on the proven KamAZ-4326 4x4 military truck chassis. Although development started in ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Eleron-3 (Series)
The Eleron series comprises several variants, including Eleron-3 (T23E), Eleron-3SV, Eleron-B, Eleron-10 (T10D and 10E) and Eleron-10SV (T10). The Russian Armed Forces use Eleron-3 aircraft ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Mavic 3 (Series)
The Mavic 3 is a rotary-wing UAV manufactured by DJI, designed for commercial aerial photography and video capture. It has a Hasselblad L2D-20c two-camera payload, omnidirectional obstacle sensing, and ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - tactical
Orlan-10/10E
Developed by the Russia-based Special Technology Center, the Orlan-10 is a medium-range UAS with many variants, such as the 10E, an export version introduced in 2017. The ...
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Main battle tanks
BMPT
UVZ developed the BMPT Fire Support Combat Vehicle, nicknamed Terminator by the company, after studying the Russian Army's performance during the Chechen War. Designed to ...
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Air: aerial targets, Loitering munitions, Military UAS - fixed-wing
Gerbera
The Gerbera is a rudimentary Russian UAV manufactured by the Gastello Design Bureau. The drone's body is made of radar-absorbent foam, and the platform is ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
BTR-70
The BTR-70 is an amphibious 8x8 armoured personnel carrier originally developed for the Soviet Union's armed forces. Produced in the Soviet Union from 1972 until ...
