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Land Warfare
IDEX 2025: Shifting sands – the Middle East’s defence landscape in flux (video)
13th February 2025
As Western influence wanes, Middle Eastern countries are leveraging defence modernisation to assert regional dominance, while global players such as China and Turkey seize new market opportunities. Sam Hart, Senior Land Analyst at Shephard Group, offers insights into how these developments are reshaping the region’s defence landscape.
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Land Warfare
Extra punch to be added to THeMIS UGV as production set to increase
29th January 2025
Milrem Robotics is looking to improve the lethality of its Tracked Hybrid Modular Infantry System (THeMIS) uncrewed ground vehicle (UGV), ramp up production and add an integration with uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs).
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Land Warfare
Patria lifts the lid on new FAMOUS armoured fighting vehicle
12th February 2025
One of the few new tracked armoured fighting vehicles (AFVs) to be shown in Paris at Eurosatory in June 2024 belonged to Patria. The vehicle is being developed as part of a multinational FAMOUS (Future Highly Mobile Augmented Armoured Systems) programme.
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Land Warfare
US-provided ATACMS missiles given green-light for use inside Russian territory
19th November 2024
Ukraine has now reportedly used the missile on Russia territory following US approval, but will the UK and French Storm Shadow and SCALP missiles follow?
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Defence Notes
What the future holds for Ukraine and NATO under a Trump administration
12th November 2024
Although Trump’s geopolitics policy for Europe remains unclear, defence analysts from the US and Europe predict how his incoming administration would attempt to handle critical issues on the continent.
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Land Warfare
Aselsan has started producing Akkor active protection system for Altay tank
24th January 2025
Akkor is an active protection system (APS) developed by Aselsan, equipped with both hard- and soft-kill functionalities. It provides protection against antitank missiles and rockets for armoured vehicles and is designed for Turkey’s Leopard and Altay tanks.
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Land Warfare
How Ukraine has developed its expanding land arsenal
6th November 2024
Ukraine’s conflict with Russia has continued to drive development in its domestic arms industry and expand foreign military aid to increase the strength of its land forces.
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Naval Warfare
Russian shipyards set to merge as sanctions hit productivity
12th November 2024
The planned merger, approved by Russian President Vladimir Putin, will attempt to boost Russian naval production as US sanctions continue to impact the country's shipbuilding industry.
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Land Warfare
British Army’s Archer hits bullseye for capability and procurement
26th December 2024
The Archer artillery system was rushed into service and training of British Army trainers began in October 2023 before live fire trials just over a year later.
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Land Warfare
Milrem to unveil new 8x8 UGV as THeMIS backlog grows
18th November 2024
Milrem unveiled the Tracked Hybrid Modular Infantry System (THeMIS) UGV in 2015. It has since developed improved variants and has worked with companies such as QinetiQ to present new versions.
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Land Warfare
Rheinmetall hands over more Marder infantry fighting vehicles to Ukraine
25th October 2024
Germany has been a major supporter of Ukraine in its war against Russia, supplying hundreds of vehicles and hundreds-of-thousands of rounds of artillery.
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Air Warfare
Air Warfare Review 2024: Budget cuts and delays fail to dampen modernisation efforts in 2024
10th December 2024
From major platform upgrades, high-value contract wins and programme delays, Shephard reported on a mixed year for air warfare in 2024, as geopolitical tensions rose across Europe and the Middle East.
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Naval Warfare
Indian naval crew awaits delayed Russian-built frigates
28th November 2024
India has been re-evaluating its naval capabilities as its maritime objectives continue to expand beyond the Indian Ocean.
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Land Warfare
EOS looks to improve CUAS capability as further development and deployment continue
22nd October 2024
EOS Defense Systems remote weapon stations (RWS) have been in service in Ukraine. The company has seen users deploy it for CUAS roles in a war where drones have been heavily used.
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Land Warfare
AM General could send another Hawkeye to Ukraine
17th October 2024
Following a year on the front lines, another 2-CT Haweye MHS could be sent to Ukraine to join ongoing trials.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
RQ-35 Heidrun (Ukraine Aid) [Germany]
Programme Background Early 2024 On 28 March 2024, the German Federal Government provided an update on the military aid it had given to Ukraine. In ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
CV90 [Ukraine]
Programme Background Announced at the NATO Defense Ministers’ Meeting in Brussels in June 2023, Ukraine formally signed a Joint Declaration on Cooperation in the Procurement and Operation ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Akinci [Ukraine]
Programme Background Two Export Contracts In January 2022, the Daily Sabah reported that Baykar had "recently" signed its first export contract for the Akinci. Haluk Bayraktar ...
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Loitering munitions
Switchblade 600 (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background $300 Million USAI (1 April 2022) On 1 April 2022, the US DoD announced a $300 million military aid package for Ukraine following ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - fixed-wing
Phoenix Ghost (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background Presidential Drawdown (21 April 2022) Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, on 21 April 2022, President Biden announced an $800 ...
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Patrol boats
FPB 98 (Ukraine)
Programme Background The international competition had been launched in the Spring of 2018 by the Ukrainian Ministry of Interior for the reinforcement of the State ...
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Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Linza 3.0 (Ukraine Aid) [Germany]
Background Build with Ukraine initiative In December 2025, Quantum Systems announced the creation of a German-Ukrainian defence joint venture, “Quantum Frontline Industries”, as part of ...
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MPVs - 4x4
Commando Select (Ukraine Aid) [USA]
Programme Background In January 2026, Textron Systems was awarded a US$163.4 million contract by the US Government to provide Ukraine with 65 Commando Select vehicles. ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - small
AR3 (Ukraine Aid) [UK]
Background £270 Million investment On 15 September 2025, the UK MoD noted that, since the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the UK ...
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Military UAS - mini
UAVs (Ukraine Aid) [Norway]
Background September 2024 On 3 September 2024, the Norwegian government announced that “Ukraine will get more drones donated to their frontline, and more air defence ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Bayraktar TB2 (Aid & Discounted Units) [Ukraine]
Programme Background Pre Invasion Units The Ukrainian Army purchased 12 TB2 units in January 2019 for a reported $69 million. Deliveries began in June 2019, ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
UX11 (Ukraine Aid) [France]
Programme Background First Batch On 6 September 2023, Sébastien Lecornu, the French Minister of Defence, announced Delair was providing Ukraine with more than 150 drones. ...
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Military UAS - rotary-wing, Military UAS - small
T-150 (Ukraine Aid) [UK]
Programme Background Virtual Address On 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine. On 3 May 2022, the UK's Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, virtually addressed the Ukrainian ...
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Loitering munitions
Switchblade 300 (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background Presidential Drawdown (16 March 2022 & 13 April 2022) On 16 March 2022, President Biden announced $800 million in security assistance to Ukraine through ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing
FPV Drones (Ukraine Aid) [Lithuania]
Background 3000 FPV Drones On 5 April 2024, the Lithuanian MoD announced it would purchase around 3,000 Lithuanian-made FPV drones to give to Ukraine to support ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Vespa-15
The Vespa-15 is a first-person view (FPV) rotary-wing UAV manufactured by a Ukrainian company. In May 2025, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) of Ukraine announced it ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Shpak
Shpak is a mini rotary wing, FPV style, UAV manufactured by RSI Europe. Primarily designed to carry explosives, the drone was developed to help Ukraine ...
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Main battle tanks
T-80UD
The 125mm-armed T-80UD MBT is a variant of the T-80 which was in production in Ukraine when the Soviet Union broke up in 1991. An ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Pro
The Pro VTOL is a fixed-wing UAV from DeltaQuad. It is available in three models, the Map, View and Cargo variants, which primarily impact the attached payload. ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Astero
Manufactured by Nordic Wing, the Astero is a fixed-wing mini UAV designed for ISR missions. The drone is equipped with a NightHawk 2 camera. In the ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
REX
The REX is an in-development Ukrainian mini-attack drone. It can hold and subsequently drop various munitions weighing up to 10kg and can locate, fix, track, ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Observer-S
The Observer-S is a UAV produced by Def C of the Intecracy Group in Ukraine. Its main purpose is aerial survey and reconnaissance. It is ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - tactical
Patriot R2
The new-generation Patriot R2 UAS is used for military and civil/commercial applications and provides reconnaissance support. It was designed in response to fighting that occurred ...
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Air: Helmet-mounted displays
SURA HMTDS
SURA is a helmet-mounted display system produced in Ukraine. Notably, it offers off-boresight acquisition capability to pilots and can cue the aircraft's sensor systems using ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Cetus Lite
The Cetus Lite is a fixed-wing UAV from Abris Design Group. The company describes the aircraft as a mobile system that is hand-launched. It is ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Cetus Plus
The Cetus Plus is a fixed-wing UAV from Abris Design Group. The manufacturer describes it as a universal UAV designed to perform various tasks like photo ...
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Military UAS - rotary-wing
Beetle
The Beetle is a rotary-wing octocopter from Abris Design Group. According to the manufacturer, the UAV provides photo and video ISTAR and signal relay for first-person ...
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Aircraft carriers
Liaoning (Type 001)
Liaoning, China's first aircraft carrier, is a refurbished cold war-era aircraft carrier that was commissioned in 2012. The ship is a former Soviet Navy aircraft ...
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Air-to-air missiles
Vympel R-27
The Vympel R-27 (NATO reporting name AA-10 Alamo) is a Soviet air-to-air missile. It remains in service with the Russian Air Force and is also ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing
FA v1
In October 2025, Ukraine unveiled the FA v1, a developmental uncrewed fighter, at the Drone Warfare Summit in the Philippines. The design showcased is jet-powered ...
