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Air Warfare
European funding and NATO interoperability could shape Polish helicopter plans
5th November 2026
Poland is seeking to update its transport helicopters as part of a wider military aviation modernisation programme, with EU funding requirements and NATO interoperability key considerations.
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Land Warfare
Hungary set to begin using Hero 400 loitering munitions
16th December 2025
Developed by Israel's Uvision and with systems being sold in the thousands to multiple European NATO countries and the US, the Hero family of loitering systems is also in production in the US and Italy, the latter through Rheinmetall.
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Naval Warfare
How China’s naval advancements are pushing the US Navy to innovate
21st January 2026
The US Navy is set to invest $30 billion in artificial intelligence, cyber, space and autonomy research and development efforts in FY2026 as the force rethinks how it fights in light of China’s naval rise.
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Air Warfare
December drone digest: Germany, Australia and US champion indigenous UAV production
30th December 2025
One of the key trends seen in December has been the rise in indigenous investment within the UAV market, particularly across certain countries, with Germany, Australia and the US focusing on their commitments to sovereign development.
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Naval Warfare
Spain’s F100 upgrade mirrors Aegis modernisation paths in allied navies
2nd February 2026
The Spanish Navy’s Alvaro de Bazan-class of air defence frigates will receive the latest Aegis Weapon System technology among other modernisations to extend the service life to 2045.
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Defence Notes
“Capital follows confidence” as defence courts private money
24th September 2026
Outside investment and the direction in which venture money flows may reveal what defence will buy years before formal programmes begin.
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Defence Notes
“Engage with the operational problem”: how software innovation can boost UK defence
9th October 2026
In Conversation… Shephard’s Andrew White talks to Zafer Şen, CEO and co-founder of OBSS, about the future of command-and-control software in the age of artificial intelligence, and his company’s ambitions in the UK defence market.
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Land Warfare
February land forces roundup: ST Engineering and Russia lift the lid on new platforms
27th February 2026
This month we saw a major presence from Turkish, Russian and Chinese companies at the World Defense Show with new vehicles from major suppliers, while elsewhere there were evolving mortar programmes and artillery modernisation efforts.
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Land Warfare
Lockheed Martin wins deals for missiles and systems worth $5 billion
15th August 2025
There continues to be an insatiable desire for air-defence and air-launched missiles and systems in the US and worldwide. Lockheed Martin’s latest deals reinforce the demand and highlight the supply chain challenge for manufacturing solid rocket motors.
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Air Warfare
MBDA signs Italian Navy Teseo Mk/E missile production contract, unveils HARPAX loitering munitions
2nd October 2025
The Mk/E missile will equip Italy’s FREMM EVO class frigates while MBDA’s Italian arm unveiled two of its new family of loitering munitions to respond to the needs of the Italian Army.
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Land Warfare
Lithuanian 1st Division to achieve initial operating capability in 2026
9th December 2025
Lithuania is one of the countries stepping up its defences in the face of the war in Ukraine with a particular focus on its neighbour and Russian ally Belarus, which has been making incursions into Lithuania’s airspace with balloons and drones.
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Land Warfare
World Defense Show 2026: Large vehicles and counter-drone systems take the limelight
17th February 2026
Visitors who attended the first World Defense Show four years ago continue to speak of the difficulties they faced with poor facilities and power problems. This year’s event emphasised its status as one of the major defence expositions and as a place where regional players and those less welcome at other shows could take centre stage.
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Naval Warfare
UK and Norway strengthen defence bond with maiden NSM launch
30th September 2025
The firing of the Naval Strike Missile from the Royal Navy’s HMS Somerset in Norway’s Arctic rocket range signals a growing collaboration between the UK and the Scandinavian nation.
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Defence Notes
Canada’s C$2 billion ACSV deal reinforces new defence industrial strategy as allies align
22nd July 2026
General Dynamics Land Systems-Canada is the country’s first strategic partner under the Defence Industrial Strategy’s Strategic Partnership Framework, an effort to provide companies with confidence to invest and boost the defence labour force.
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Air Warfare
AUSA 2025: Lockheed Martin conducts first ground-based demo of JAGM Quad Launcher
13th October 2025
The first live-fire demonstration of the Joint Air-to-Ground Missile Quad Launcher was tested against a ground vehicle, with further tests against a UAS target planned for the system next month.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
L-SAM-II Prototype [South Korea]
Background In June 2025, it was announced that South Korea had awarded a $144 million contract with Hanwha Aerospace to develop a prototype for the L-SAM-II high-altitude surface-to-air missile ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
HQ-19 [Pakistan]
Background In 2025, Pakistan ordered an unknown number of HQ-19 long-range air defence systems to counter ballistic missile attack. The HQ-19 is a Chinese system developed ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Long Range Air Defence [Luxembourg]
Background In August 2026, Luxembourg announced that it was cancelling a previously announced joint procurement of NASAMS with Belgium. In its place, Luxembourg announced in ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Arrow 3 Expansion [Germany]
Background In 2023, Germany ordered three Arrow 3 long-range air defence systems from Israel-based IAI to provide an anti-ballistic missile capability. In July 2026, an ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Arrow 3 [Germany]
Background In 2023 Germany ordered three Arrow 3 long-range air defence systems from Israel-based IAI to provide an anti-ballistic missile capability. At $3.89 billion it ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
ASTER / VL MICA Multi-layer [France]
Background The Organisation for Joint Armament Cooperation, acting on behalf of France, awarded EUROSAM a contract on April 30th, 2026, for the development of the ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
ASTER / VL MICA Multi-layer (additional) [France]
Background In October 2026, France ordered four additional firing units of the SAMP/T NG air and missile defence system. With this order, the total number of SAMP/T ...
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Maritime patrol
P-8 Poseidon [South Korea]
Programme Background South Korea is facing an imminent submarine threat from North Korea. The Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN) is operating an aging fleet of P-3C ...
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Destroyers
DDX Programme (1-2) [Italy]
Background Requirements Destroyers are fundamental to Italy's blue water fleet and will be required to be capable of projecting capability at sea from the sea ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
Medium Range Air Defence [Australia]
Background Faced with a growing threat from China and a vast land and sea territory to protect, Australia is seeking to establish a medium-range ground-based ...
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Destroyers
Joint Strike Ship [South Korea]
Programme Background Requirements The third element of South Korea's "Three Axis System" - a complex of measures designed to track, detect, and eliminate an adversary’s ballistic missiles and ...
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Destroyers
Maya Class (27DDG) (1-2) [Japan]
Programme Background The 27DD Maya class destroyers were previously known as the Improved Atago class because they are an addition to the existing two Atago-class destroyers that have entered service. ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Long Range Air Defence [Norway]
Background Following a 2023 report which bluntly stated that the Norwegian military was not ready for war and that particular gaps existed in air defence in ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
Cheongung Block II [South Korea]
Background South Korea launched a plan to convert its Cheongung-I systems to the M-SAM Block II configuration. It was announced in July 2025 that it ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
Cheongung Block III [South Korea]
Background South Korea's Defense Project Promotion Committee approved the basic strategy for the development of M-SAM Block III (Cheongung Block III). The system will modernise South Korea's ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Major networking projects
Ballistic Missile Defence
In early 2010, NATO acquired the first phase of an initial theatre ballistic missile defence capability to protect alliance forces.
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Submarines: nuclear/ballistic missile
Arktur Next Generation SSBN
At Army 2022 defence exposition, Rubin Design Bureau unveiled the next-generation ballistic missile submarine concept. Known as Arktur, the submarine features a stealth design and ...
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Major networking projects
Missile Defence
In 2010, NATO rolled out an initial capability to protect alliance forces against missile threats and is now examining options for protecting territory and populations. ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
SM-2 Block IV (RIM-156A)
The SM-2 Block IV (RIM-156A) is an extended-range surface-to-air missile developed by the United States Navy for fleet area air defence and terminal phase ballistic ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System
The Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) System, developed by the United States, provides advanced sea-based and land-based protection against ballistic missile threats. Using the AN/SPY-1 ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
9M82M
The 9M82M (NATO reporting name SA-23a 'Giant') is a Russian medium-range, surface-to-air missile designed to destroy tactical ballistic missiles. The development of the 9M82M missile, part of ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Arrow Weapon System
The Arrow air defence system was jointly developed by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) and Boeing under the oversight of Israel's Ministry of Defense and the ...
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Frigates
GMF 140
The GMF 140 is a concept frigate designed by Rheinmetall Naval Systems. It is initially being marketed towards North American procurement as a next-generation integrated air ...
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Major networking projects
C2BMC
Command, Control, Battle Management and Communications (C2BMC) is the integrating element of the US Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) for global missile defence. C2BMC links ...
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Sea: naval fire control radar
AN/SPY-1 air search radar
Aegis isan integrated missile guidance system used on USN and allied ships to performanti-air and ballistic missile defence missions. The S-band phased-array AN/SPY-1D(V) radar acquires ...
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Land: air defence radar
AN/TPY-2
The Army Navy/Transportable Radar Surveillance (AN/TPY-2) is an X-band missile defence radar that can detect, classify and track ballistic missiles. It uses an AESA antenna comprising 25.344 T/R ...
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Destroyers
Akizuki Class
The Akizuki-class (19DD) destroyers are escort ships for the Japan Maritime Self-Defence Force (JMSDF). They are designed to accompany Japan’s new Hyuga—and Izumo-class helicopter carriers ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
S-300V (SA-12 Gladiator)
The SA-12 Gladiator, part of the S-300V air defence system, is a long-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) system developed by the Soviet Union in the late ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
L-SAM ABM (Block I)
The L-SAM system's anti-ballistic missile (ABM) interceptor is a three-stage missile designed to neutralize incoming ballistic missiles during their terminal phase. It employs a hit-to-kill ...
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Sea: naval surveillance radar
KRONOS Power Shield
The KRONOS Power Shield is an early warning naval radar manufactured by Leonardo. It is primarily designed for ballistic missile defence and surveillance. The main ...
