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Air Warfare
Why the F-16 fighter jet remains a force to be reckoned with (updated 2025)
10th February 2025
The Lockheed Martin F-16 fighter jet remains in the limelight more than 40 years after its first flight. Shephard sums up the latest developments and details everything you need to know about the aircraft in 2025.
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Naval Warfare
As Australian resistance rises, is AUKUS in trouble?
28th March 2025
The tripartite submarine project is under political pressure from a grass-roots Australian Labor Party movement, but it could also have practical issues in its way.
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Uncrewed Vehicles
Jammer resistant drone designs spark search for countermeasures
6th March 2025
The Russia-Ukraine conflict has driven another stage of evolution for drones and the counter measures to defend against them.
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Air Warfare
Insight: What future remains for the E-7 Wedgetail aircraft?
2nd September 2025
The surveillance aircraft from Boeing is deployed by various countries, most notably the Royal Australian Air Force; but ongoing setbacks for future customers, who cite rising costs and delays, have thrown the aircraft into the spotlight.
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Naval Warfare
Half of Australia’s first Hunter frigate is now in fabrication
29th September 2025
BAE Systems Maritime Australia’s Andy Coxall gave Shephard a progress update on its HMAS Hunter frigate, while addressing concerns over the cost difference between Australia’s programme and Norway’s.
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Air Warfare
Singapore investigates rotary-wing crewed-uncrewed teaming
25th July 2025
Initial exploration of helicopter crewed-uncrewed teaming capabilities will commence in late-2025 and could potentially help shape future programmes involving launched effects.
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Land Warfare
Europe looks to solve tank procurement challenges with upgraded and new platforms
28th August 2025
The UK government in 2019 reflected a common attitude towards main battle tanks (MBTs) across Western Europe as it moved to reduce its fleet from 227 Challenger 2 vehicles to 148, which would be upgraded under a plan that eventually produced the Challenger 3. Now, however, there is an increased interest in platforms new, upgraded and planned across the continent.
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Air Warfare
Portuguese Embraer programmes progress as company works on opportunities
21st July 2025
Embraer has notched up substantial wins this year with Sweden ordering C-390s, Lithuania selecting it and Portugal ordering more as the company pushes to expand roles for the aircraft. Embraer’s A-29 has also had wins in the same period with the aircraft ordered by an African country and Paraguay ordering more.
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Air Warfare
Polish Armed Forces agrees deal to acquire 10,000 Warmate loitering munitions
16th May 2025
Poland’s Deputy Prime Minister vows that the country “will not be left behind” as the Ministry of Defense (MoD) announces its intention to acquire 10,000 Warmate loitering munitions for the Polish army.
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Naval Warfare
Royal New Zealand Navy outlines modernisation goals
2nd September 2025
The Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN) has a crunch time coming up as it looks to refresh its fleet before 2040, and prepares to begin operating Sikorsky MH-60R helicopters, although it is at the back of a long ordering queue. A key part of any solution is looking at what neighbouring Australia is buying.
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Defence Notes
Industry welcomes UK Strategic Defence Review, but pressure remains on future defence investment plans
2nd June 2025
While industry reception to the SDR has been positive, questions still remain from analyst and trade associations about what this could mean for future investment and the future UK Defence Industrial Strategy.
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Land Warfare
Patria lifts the lid on new FAMOUS armoured fighting vehicle
12th February 2025
One of the few new tracked armoured fighting vehicles (AFVs) to be shown in Paris at Eurosatory in June 2024 belonged to Patria. The vehicle is being developed as part of a multinational FAMOUS (Future Highly Mobile Augmented Armoured Systems) programme.
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Air Warfare
US Army cancels FTUAS and the MQ-1 Gray Eagle as part of the Army Transformation Initiative
13th May 2025
Last week, it was revealed that the US Army intended to cancel the long-running Future Tactical UAS (FTUAS). The revelation, no doubt part of the Army Transformation Initiative (ATI), came a week after the force highlighted that it would cancel the procurement of Gray Eagle aircraft.
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Land Warfare
Patria unveils new 155mm artillery system with Ukraine war in mind
21st March 2025
The war in Ukraine has shown the need for howitzers with a rapid deploy, fire and move capability, the ‘shoot and scoot’ concept, and Patria’s newest self-propelled system, ARVE, acknowledges that.
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Land Warfare
Borsuk IFV programme marks turning point for Poland’s armoured modernisation
30th June 2025
The Borsuk vehicles are to replace the Soviet-designed BMP-1 as the Polish military’s main tracked Infantry Fighting Vehicle (IFV).
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Black Hornet 3 (Ukraine Aid) [UK & Norway]
Programme Background Russo-Ukraine War Since Russia invaded Ukraine on 24 February 2022, UAVs have proved vital to the country's defence. Consequently, as in this programme, the ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
FPV Drones (Ukraine Aid) [Netherlands]
Programme Background Statement of Intent On 14 June 2024, the Deputy Minister for Strategic Industries Serhiy Boyev, Minister of Defence of Ukraine Rustem Umerov and the Minister ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
ISR Drones (Second Batch) (Ukraine Aid) [Netherlands]
Programme Background First Batch On 20 March 2024, Kajsa Ollongren, Minister of Defence of the Netherlands, announced that, following a 19 March Ukraine Defense Contact ...
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Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Latvian Drones (2025) (Ukraine Aid) [Latvia]
Ukrainian Defence Contact Group (UDCG) In January 2024, the Ukrainian Defence Contact Group (UDCG), a multi-nation organisation that coordinates military aid for Ukraine, established a ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
GA-ASI Drone [Ukraine]
Programme Background MQ-9A Reaper - April 2022 On 13 April 2022, Forbes reported that Ukraine was talking with GA-ASI to acquire the MQ-9A Reaper. Ukrainian officials ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Vector / Scorpion (Contracted) [Ukraine]
Programme Background Previous Orders & Donations On 29 March 2022, the US Embassy in Warsaw announced that Quantum Systems had donated an unknown quantity of ...
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Loitering munitions
Switchblade 600 (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background $300 Million USAI (1 April 2022) On 1 April 2022, the US DoD announced a $300 million military aid package for Ukraine following ...
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Loitering munitions
One-Way Attack Drones (Ukraine Aid) [UK]
Programme Background 2024/2025 Military Aid Package On 12 January 2024, the UK government announced it would provide Ukraine with £2.5 billion ($3.2 billion) in military ...
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Loitering munitions
Switchblade 300 (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background Presidential Drawdown (16 March 2022 & 13 April 2022) On 16 March 2022, President Biden announced $800 million in security assistance to Ukraine through ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
CV90 [Sweden]
Programme Background As the domestic manufacturer and original operator of the CV90 IFV, Sweden has had a continuous fleet of CV90s in service since the ...
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Fighter - multirole
Combat Fighter Jet [Ireland]
Programme Background In February 2025, the Irish Minister for Defence and Tánaiste Simon Harris highlighted Irelands need to procure a new combat fighter jet to combat ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Latvian Drones (2024) (Ukraine Aid) [Latvia]
Background Ukrainian Defence Contact Group (UDCG) In January 2024, the Ukrainian Defence Contact Group (UDCG), a multi-nation organisation that coordinates military aid for Ukraine, established a drone ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Soldier Borne Sensor (SBS) (Phase I) [USA]
Programme Background Requirement The Soldier Borne Sensor (SBS) provides short-range day and night ISR to US Army units at the squad, platoon and other small ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing
Drones (Ukraine Aid) [Norway]
Programme Background September 2024 On 3 September 2024, the Norwegian government announced that "Ukraine will get more drones donated to their frontline, and more air ...
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Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing
SkyRanger R70 (Ukraine Aid) [Canada]
Programme Background On 19 February 2024, the Canadian Defence Minister, Bill Blair, announced that the country would donate more than 800 SkyRanger R70 UAVs to ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Surface-to-air missiles
Akash-NG missile
The Akash-NG (New Generation) missile is an advanced surface-to-air missile system developed by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) to enhance the country's air ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Vespa-15
The Vespa-15 is a first-person view (FPV) rotary-wing UAV manufactured by a Ukrainian company. In May 2025, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) of Ukraine announced it ...
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Core systems: cameras and IR detectors
Ophir 26-105mm f/1.6 LWIR continuous zoom
Ophir's plethora of IR optics includes a wide range of long-range zoom lenses for every application. Ophir's budget range has been extended to include a ...
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Military UAS - rotary-wing, Military UAS - small
Kazhan
The E620 Kazhan is a Ukrainian-made rotary-wing attack drone. It is available in hexacopter and quadcopter configurations and can drop 60mm, 82mm, and 120mm mortar shells. ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Black Hornet 3
The Black Hornet 3 is the next generation of the PD-100 Black Hornet, the world's smallest nano-UAS. This new model of the Black Hornet provides ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
DM73
The 120mm × 570 armour-piercing fin-stabilised discarding sabot (APFSDS) DM73 is a kinetic-energy (KE) round with an enhanced propulsion unit. It is produced by Rheinmetall ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Cetus Lite
The Cetus Lite is a fixed-wing UAV from Abris Design Group. The company describes the aircraft as a mobile system that is hand-launched. It is ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Cetus Plus
The Cetus Plus is a fixed-wing UAV from Abris Design Group. The manufacturer describes it as a universal UAV designed to perform various tasks like photo ...
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Military UAS - rotary-wing
Beetle
The Beetle is a rotary-wing octocopter from Abris Design Group. According to the manufacturer, the UAV provides photo and video ISTAR and signal relay for first-person ...
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Alpha/Omega
Alpha and Omega are multipurpose frame tents that require minimal maintenance and can be used in extreme climatic conditions. The Omega is more spacious and ...
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Fast attack/patrol craft and interceptors
CB90
Combatboat (Stridsbåt) 90 (CB90) is a class of small, rapid attack boats designed for raiding and inshore/nearshore coastal protection operations or deploying up to 20 ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - micro
Corvo PPDS
The Corvo Precision Payload Delivery Systems (PPDS) is a micro fixed-wing drone constructed from cardboard. It is a low-cost, single-use drone for delivering supplies and equipment ...
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EO/IR systems
USG-212
Described as a plug-and-play turnkey solution, the USG-212 is an EO/IR camera gimbal from Ukrspecsystems. It appears to be out of production. The gimbal has ...
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Main battle tanks
Type 10
Mitsubishi developed the 120mm-armed Type 10 MBT to meet the requirements of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF) and publicly revealed a prototype in February 2008. ...
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Short Range Missile Defence Systems: 0 to 20 km range
MIM-23 Hawk
The MIM-23 HAWK (Homing All the Way Killer) is an American medium-range surface-to-air missile system developed by Raytheon in the 1950s to provide mobile air ...