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Naval Warfare
Keel laid for Royal Navy’s next-generation nuclear submarine
25th March 2025
HMS Dreadnought will be the first of the four Dreadnought class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) scheduled to enter service in the early 2030s. Following its keel-laying ceremony last week, Shephard takes a deeper dive into the class which will eventually replace the Royal Navy's long-standing Vanguard class of boats.
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Naval Warfare
TKMS joins forces with Norwegian shipbuilder for Fridtjof Nansen frigate replacement bid
28th March 2025
Four shipbuilders have been downselected to build the frigate replacement programme, and TKMS hopes the new deal will give it a geographical advantage.
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Air Warfare
USAF’s VENOM programme advances with modifications and autonomous testing
7th April 2025
The first fully modified aircraft is expected to begin testing by the end of 2025, according to the US Air Force.
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Defence Notes
Leonardo projects €30 billion in revenue by 2029
12th March 2025
The forecast came as the Italian firm presented its new 2025–29 industrial plan to analysts, with its future figures bolstered by the European increase in defence spending.
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Land Warfare
Rheinmetall opts for direct replacement for turret on Panther Evolution Upgrade
18th June 2024
The German defence giant is unveiling a host of MBT upgrades at Eurosatory 2024 and has been optimising its Panther MBT for a Hungarian order.
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Air Warfare
Testing of Taiwan’s air-launched supersonic anti-ship missile commences
14th March 2025
Should it be introduced into service, the air-launched Hsiung Feng 3 could boost Taiwan’s anti-ship missile capacity and kill zones.
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Land Warfare
Need more flexibility in battle management system delivery?
7th May 2025
Systematic’s newest solution, SitaWare BattleCloud, brings greater flexibility to combat information systems and C4ISR.
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Air Warfare
France to buy more Rafale jets and invest €1.5 billion in upgrading air base
20th March 2025
The Luxeuil Saint-Sauveur air base will be modernised to ensure it can host nuclear weapons as France continues efforts to boost its nuclear deterrence.
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Land Warfare
Lockheed Martin builds first Saudi Arabian THAAD components
12th May 2025
The THAAD launcher was first procured by Saudi Arabia in 2017, with local production a key condition of the sale.
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Defence Notes
UK Chancellor commits £2 billion to make the country a “defence industrial superpower”
26th March 2025
Rachel Reeves announced port upgrades, protected budgets for innovation and investment in novel technologies.
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Naval Warfare
North Korea claims to have its first nuclear submarine
17th March 2025
If its claims are true, the submarine could have a significant impact on other navies in the region and potentially on US foreign policy.
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Air Warfare
Baykar's Kemankes 1 missile completes maximum flight and dive test
24th March 2025
This is the latest test in the ongoing schedule for the loitering munition from Baykar – the first of two different AI-powered variants.
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Defence Notes
What does the US decision to pause Ukraine support mean for the war and the stock markets?
4th March 2025
NATO and other Western countries had been singing from the same song sheet since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russia three years ago but the alliance has been weakened as the new US administration under President Donald Trump pauses military aid to Ukraine.
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Air Warfare
Interview: Edge Group eyes Indonesian market for naval and UAV expansion
27th June 2025
The UAE’s Edge Group has been positioning itself as a key defence and technology partner to Indonesia, where it has been focusing on naval platforms, UAVs and long-term industrial collaboration.
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Land Warfare
US Army to receive Oshkosh’s next-gen autonomy-ready trucks by December
2nd April 2025
The company recently announced a new US$95 million order for the Palletized Load System A2 under the FHTV V agreement.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Fighter - multirole
J-10 [Pakistan]
Programme Background A video clip released by the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) disclosed that a deal to acquire the J-10 from China was signed on 25 ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
CV90 [Czech Republic]
Background The Czech Republic has been working on modernising its mechanised units at least since 2017, when the country launched its "Tracked IFV" programme to ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
Boxer IFV (Schakal) [Netherlands]
Background The Boxer is currently in service with both Germany and the Netherlands, having entered service in 2009 and 2013, respectively. In October 2025, the ...
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Medium UGVs
Mission Master (RPV Sprial 2) [UK]
Background First announced in April 2017 and referred to in early MOD documents as the ‘last mile resupply’ initiative, the British Army is reportedly evaluating ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
Boxer IFV (Schakal) [Germany]
Background The Boxer is currently in service with both Germany and the Netherlands, having entered service in 2009 and 2013, respectively. In October 2025, the ...
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AEW&C
AEW&C Aircraft [India]
Programme Background India is planning to increase its AEW&C; capabilities with indigenous radar systems. A330 Bid In 2015, the IAF has requested to procure six ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Anka-S (Second Batch) [Turkey]
Programme Background First Batch Based on comments by Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) and Turkish media in 2018, Shephard believes that Türkiye acquired 26 Anka-S drones ...
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Main battle tanks
Viatura Blindada de Combate-Carro de Combate (VBC-CC) [Brazil]
Programme Background Several key technical requirements have been outlined by the Brazilian MoD. Among the most important are that the platform should weigh less than ...
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Military UAS - mini
Medium Range Tactical (MRT) [USMC]
Background Request for Information (RFI) In February 2026, the Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) issued an RFI for solutions for a Medium Range Tactical (MRT) ...
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UAS: communication systems
UAS: communication systems | RangeHawk (RQ-4 Global Hawk) [US]
Northrop Grumman received a US$325.5 million US Army contract in May 2026 to develop and acquire the RangeHawk HALE UAV, a modified RQ-4 Global Hawk designed ...
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UAS: flight control systems
UAS: flight control systems | RangeHawk (RQ-4 Global Hawk) [US]
Northrop Grumman received a US$325.5 million US Army contract in May 2026 to develop and acquire the RangeHawk HALE UAV, a modified RQ-4 Global Hawk designed ...
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MPVs - 4x4
JLTV [Slovenia - 2nd Batch]
Programme Background Slovenia began its procurement of Oshkosh Defence's JLTV 4x4 armoured vehicle in 2018, although a US government FMS contract was not signed until ...
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Hybrid effector systems
Lightweight Marine Air Defence Integrated System [US]
Background The US Marine Corps' (USMC) Lightweight Marine Air Defence Integrated System (L-MADIS) supports deployed Marine Expeditionary Units with non-kinetic C-UAS capabilities and a shoulder-fired surface-to-air weapon for ...
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Light attack, Trainer
L-39NG Senegal
The aircraft will feature five hard-points, two external fuel tanks with 350 lt capacity, Mk 81 and Mk 82 bombs, guided and unguided rockets, single ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
MQ-9A Reaper [Spain]
Programme Background First Contract The US State Department approved a Foreign Military Sale (FMS) of MQ-9 Block 5 aircraft and associated parts, equipment, and logistical ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
CRATOS
The Clip-On Ruggedized Advanced Thermal Optical Sight (CRATOS) is a miniaturised all-in-one thermal weapon sight designed for handheld, clip-on or stand-alone use.
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
HuntIR Mk 2
The HuntIR Mk 2 thermal weapon and reconnaissance sight is designed for clip-on use on mid- and long-range small arms. The standalone weapon sight has ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
XACT th family
The XACT thermal weapon sight product family includes: the XACT th64 short/medium-range weapon-mounted or handheld sight; the XACT th65 clip-on marksman sight; and the XACT ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
CNVD-T
The Clip-On Night Vision Device-Thermal (CNVD-T) is a handheld or weapon-mounted thermal sight based on the military SU-232/PAS.
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
UTCx
The UTCx (Universal Thermal Clip-on) sight is a universal thermal clip-on to existing weapon sights, currently fielded by the US military and supporting long-range sniper ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
AN/PAS-13G(V)1 LWTS
The AN/PAS-13G(V)1 Light Weapon Thermal Sight (LWTS) is a handheld or weapon-mounted thermal sight. The TI capability of the LWTS allows for longwave infrared observation ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
TISI-M
Designed for assault and sharpshooter rifles, SMGs and machine guns, the TISI-M is a lightweight uncooled thermal day and night weapon sight which can be ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
AN/PVS-30
The AN/PVS-30 is a long-range thermal clip-on sniper night sight. The sight is able to extend the range of engagement by up to 1,000m and ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
Lily-L
The Lily-L clip-on thermal sight for long-range sniper weapons can be mounted on a Picatinny rail in front of a day scope. It is designed for ...
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Weapon sights for night use (image intensifiers)
MilSight S135 MUNS
The MilSight S135 Magnum Universal Night Sight (MUNS) AN/PVS-27 is a high-resolution clip-on weapon sight that mounts forward of an existing scope, adding NV capabilities ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
ThermoSight HISS-XLR
The HISS extended long-range (XLR) clip-on thermal weapon sight allows snipers to detect and recognise man-sized targets at up to 2,000m, offering a 25% increase ...
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Individual grenade launchers
UBGL
The single-shot 40mm Under-Barrel Grenade Launcher (UBGL) can be attached to most modern assault weapons using a MIL-STD-1913 Picatinny rail system. The breech is swung ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
MUNSTI
The MUNSTI uncooled thermal imaging clip-on sight is compact and lightweight, designed for use in front of a day optical sight. It is suitable for ...
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Sniper rifles
Dan.338
IWI launched the Dan.338, the first of a new family of bolt-action sniper rifles, at the Eurosatory 2014 exhibition. Chambered for .338 Lapua Mag ammunition, ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
TVC 60
The TVC 60 is a clip-on thermal weapon sight designed to be used in conjunction with a magnified day optic. The shooter relies on the ...
