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Naval Warfare
UK’s Fleet Solid Support ship programme deemed on track despite steel supply concerns
30th January 2026
Shipbuilders are saying the programme is going ahead on time as the government estimates 7.7 million tonnes of steel are needed for 2026 infrastructure projects.
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Naval Warfare
Italy’s U212 Near Future Submarine production builds pace as upgrade plans mature
21st April 2026
Andrea Simone Pinna, OCCAR-EA combat system officer for the U212 NFS programme, outlined production progress, new capabilities and plans for the Italian Navy’s next-generation conventional submarine.
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Naval Warfare
Is the US Navy’s Golden Fleet initiative achievable?
5th January 2026
The effort to provide the US Navy with Trump-class battleships might face financial, production and doctrinal obstacles.
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Land Warfare
US gives Patriot $50 billion boost, as Dutch to deliver first equipment under new scheme
5th August 2025
The Patriot Air Defence System has been a core part of equipment used in the Ukraine-Russia war, and will form part of the first Dutch military aid package backed by the new NATO-US Prioritised Ukraine Requirements List (PURL) initiative.
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Air Warfare
MBDA signs Italian Navy Teseo Mk/E missile production contract, unveils HARPAX loitering munitions
2nd October 2025
The Mk/E missile will equip Italy’s FREMM EVO class frigates while MBDA’s Italian arm unveiled two of its new family of loitering munitions to respond to the needs of the Italian Army.
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Land Warfare
Denmark shuns US platform as it settles on SAMP/T air defence system
16th September 2025
The acquisition, which is part of the country’s broader defence package worth DKK58 billion (US$9.2 billion), goes against the grain with many other European countries opting for the US’s popular Patriot platform.
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Land Warfare
Battle management C2 systems are driving the next phase of integrated air defence
24th April 2026
Battlefield and wider air defence C2 systems integrating a range of agnostic sensors have risen in prominence, from Turkey’s Aselsan developing Steel Dome to Northrop Grumman providing its own system to Poland and the US Army.
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Land Warfare
2025 land market review: British Army woes, European heavy armour and US MBT progress
18th December 2025
The last year has seen several major procurements in the land market. Shephard’s Dr Peter Magill reviews the main trends and themes in land procurement of 2025.
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Land Warfare
Lithuania increases ground capability and spending in a high-threat environment
9th January 2026
It has been more than two decades since Lithuania joined the EU and NATO, which followed the country’s independence from the USSR almost 15 years before that. The country is now in the shadow of the Russia-Ukraine war with air incursions from Russian ally Belarus.
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Land Warfare
World Defense Show 2026: MARSS displays new Nation Shield air defence C2 system
10th February 2026
Nation Shield is the latest iteration of the MARSS C2 system and is designed to provide C2 further forward along with more capable air defence.
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Defence Notes
Defence companies continue to ride procurement wave
1st August 2025
Vehicle and technology companies are reporting substantial growth compared to the first half of 2024. Italy’s Fincantieri saw revenues jump 24% for the first half of the year compared to 2024 and Thales up 6.8% for the same period. General Dynamics reported second quarter revenue growth of 8.9% for the second quarter compared to last year and MilDef reported organic order intake growth of 58%.
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Air Warfare
Spain air focus: Demand builds with $19.7 billion up for grabs in unawarded contracts
29th January 2026
Despite Spain’s modest GDP spend on defence, the country still has a range of fixed-wing and UAV programme requirements as yet unawarded, with a potential US$3.10 billion set to be spent over the next decade.
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Naval Warfare
Royal Canadian Navy’s SEA Torpedo Launcher Systems to enter production in November
20th October 2025
The article acceptance testing for the TLS, which is already in service with multiple armed forces including the UK Royal Navy, is scheduled for the end of 2026.
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Naval Warfare
Eureka Naval Craft and Strategic Marine make pitch to build next-gen Aircat Bengal MC craft
29th August 2025
A vessel currently used in the offshore oil and gas sector could act as an alternative to corvettes and frigates, claims US shipbuilder.
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Naval Warfare
Half of Australia’s first Hunter frigate is now in fabrication
29th September 2025
BAE Systems Maritime Australia’s Andy Coxall gave Shephard a progress update on its HMAS Hunter frigate, while addressing concerns over the cost difference between Australia’s programme and Norway’s.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Fighter - multirole
MiG-35 (Russia)
The MiG-35 is a new-generation derivative of the twin-engine MiG-29 (NATO code-name ‘Fulcrum’) featuring multi-role combat capabilities, significantly reworked airframe and a vastly expanded arsenal ...
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Naval: Combat Management Systems
Naval: Combat Management Systems | Multirole Underwater Seabed Surveillance Ship (MU3S) [Italy]
In June 2024, during a presentation provided at the NATO Maritime Security Centre of Excellence (MARSEC COE), the Italian Navy detailed the new capabilities it ...
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Naval: shipboard communication systems
Naval: shipboard communication systems | Multirole Underwater Seabed Surveillance Ship (MU3S) [Italy]
In June 2024, during a presentation provided at the NATO Maritime Security Centre of Excellence (MARSEC COE), the Italian Navy detailed the new capabilities it ...
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Naval: Combat Management Systems
Naval: Combat Management Systems | SIGINT Vessel Procurement [Spain]
The Spanish Navy urges the replacement of the intelligence gathering ship Alerta, which has been in service since 1992. In April 2025, Spain released its upgraded ...
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Naval: shipboard communication systems
Naval: shipboard communication systems | SIGINT Vessel Procurement [Spain]
The Spanish Navy urges the replacement of the intelligence gathering ship Alerta, which has been in service since 1992. In April 2025, Spain released its upgraded ...
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Military UAS - rotary-wing, Military UAS - small
Jump 20 [Denmark]
Background 2020 Tender In January 2018, Denmark's three main political parties signed the Danish Defence Agreement, a cross-party defence white paper covering the period between ...
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Sealift/replenishment vessels
Joint Maritime Multi-Mission System (J3MS)/SIGINT Ship (2) [Italy]
Programme Background Requirements Since 2002, the Italian Navy has operated the SIGINT ship Elettra. The vessel, which is expected to remain in service until the ...
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AEW&C
Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (1-6) [NATO]
Programme Background NATO’s E-3A AWACS fleet is set to retire in 2035, after 50 years of service. To plan for the required follow-on capability, NATO's ...
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Sealift/replenishment vessels
Multirole Underwater Seabed Surveillance Ship (MU3S) [Italy]
Programme Background Requirements According to the presentation provided by the Italian Navy, the MultiroleUnderwater Seabed Surveillance Ship (MU3S) will:operate a wide range of uncrewed systems, ...
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Sealift/replenishment vessels
SIGINT Vessel Procurement [Spain]
Programme Background Requirements The Spanish Navy urges the replacement of the intelligence gathering ship Alerta, which has been in service since 1992. Prior to that, ...
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Air: Radio and SATCOM
Air: Radio and SATCOM | Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (1-6) [NATO]
NATO is estimated to procure up to 18 AEW aircraft under the Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (AFSC) programme to replace the current E-3 Sentry fleet when ...
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Data links
Data links | Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (1-6) [NATO]
NATO is estimated to procure up to 18 AEW aircraft under the Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (AFSC) programme to replace the current E-3 Sentry fleet when ...
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Air: Head-up displays
Air: Head-up displays | Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (1-6) [NATO]
NATO is estimated to procure up to 18 AEW aircraft under the Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (AFSC) programme to replace the current E-3 Sentry fleet when ...
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Transponders and IFF
Transponders and IFF | Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (1-6) [NATO]
NATO is estimated to procure up to 18 AEW aircraft under the Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (AFSC) programme to replace the current E-3 Sentry fleet when ...
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Military UAS - small
Puma 2 AE [Germany]
Programme Background The Germany navy had an urgent requirement for three UAS required for reconnaissance and identification in maritime operations. A platform was required that ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Unguided Medium Calibre Ammunition
MK244 Armour Piercing Discarding Sabot (APDS) Enhanced Lethality Cartridge (ELC)
MK244 Armour Piercing Discarding Sabot (APDS) Enhanced Lethality Cartridge (ELC) is a 20mm medium calibre round manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems.
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Anti-ship missiles, Surface-to-surface missiles
3M-54 Kalibr
The 3M-54 Kalibr, or Klub (NATO reporting name: SS-N-27 'Sizzler'), is a Russian surface ship and submarine-launched anti-ship and land-attack cruise missile.
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Light machine guns
LSAT LMG
Textron Systems Unmanned Systems is developing and maturing a Lightweight Small Arms Technologies (LSAT) family of weapons and ammunition with the US Army that fires ...
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Unguided Medium Calibre Ammunition
MK149 Armor-Piercing Discarding Sabot
The MK149 Armor-Piercing Discarding Sabot (APDS) is a 20mm medium calibre round manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems.
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Air-to-surface missiles, Anti-ship missiles
Kh-31
The Kh-31 (NATO reporting name AS-17 Krypton) is a Russian anti-ship missile that is known for its anti-radiation (Kh-31P) and anti-ship (Kh-31A) versions.
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
105mm M490 Target Practice - Tracer
The 105mm M490 Target Practice - Tracer is a tank training round manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems.
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Naval: COMINT and ELINT systems
Flat Track
The Flat Track (NATO reporting name) is a barrage and deception radar jamming system that is able to counter anti-ship missiles.
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Assault rifles/carbines/shotguns
6.5mm CT Carbine
The 6.5mm Cased Telescoped (CT) Carbine is a closed-bolt, forward-feed, gas piston-operated weapon being developed as part of the US Army's Lightweight Small Arms Technology ...
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Unguided Artillery Ammunition
105mm HE HB ER G3
The 105mm High Explosive (HE HB) extended range (ER) G3 ammunition round, manufactured by KNDS, is a part of the 105mm NATO standard shell family. ...
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Major networking projects
NATO DCIS
Airbus is delivering the NATO Deployable Communication and Information System (DCIS). The project represents a major upgrade in the capability of NATO Response Forces (NRF) ...
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Land: RWS
Qimek NATO
Rheinmetall's RWS family includes the Qimek single-weapon RWS and the Nanuk dual-weapon RWS. The Qimek NATO combines full stabilisation, long-range day/night all-weather sights and a ...
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Land: RWS
Nanuk NATO
Rheinmetall's RWS family includes the Qimek single-weapon RWS and the Nanuk dual-weapon RWS, which was introduced in 2008. The Nanuk NATO combines full stabilisation, long-range ...
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Major networking projects
NATO SATCOM
Leonardo has been awarded a turnkey contract to rationalise and upgrade NATO’s SATCOM systems and associated infrastructure. The company will design, build, test, commission and ...
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Unguided Medium Calibre Ammunition
20MM PGU-28 A/B Semi-Armor Piercing High Explosive Incendiary (SAPHEI)
The 20MM PGU-28 A/B Semi-Armor Piercing High Explosive Incendiary (SAPHEI) is a medium-calibre round manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems.
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
M724A2 Target Practice Discarding Sabot-Tracer
The M724A2 Target Practice Discarding Sabot-Tracer is a 105mm training tank round manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems. The US Army procured the 1,623 rounds ...