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Naval Warfare
Maritime defence in the Mediterranean faces challenges from vulnerable land power
24th December 2025
As an indispensable energy crossroads, the Mediterranean is at serious risk from grey zone disruption. As navies increasingly employ AI data centres, what happens when cutting-edge defence technologies rely on the very infrastructure most susceptible to hybrid tactics?
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Land Warfare
Details revealed on Serbia’s M-84 improved tank
2nd October 2025
The former Yugoslavia built a version of the Russian T-72 main battle tank under the local designation of the M-84. Hundreds of these remain in service with Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia and Kuwait.
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Air Warfare
Spanish Army’s VAMTAC drone acquisition progresses ongoing UAV investment
16th June 2025
Spain has made clear its intent to acquire a range of uncrewed aerial systems (UAS), including those that will form part of its wider VAMTAC programme, announced in June 2025.
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Air Warfare
Further funding allocated for Eurofighter Typhoon ECRS Mk2 radar programme
16th June 2025
The latest tranche of funding from the UK government comes ahead of the radar's integration into Eurofighter Typhoon aircraft from 2028.
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Naval Warfare
How will the Canadian Coast Guard’s transfer to the DND umbrella affect its capabilities?
4th December 2025
By joining the defence department, the coast guard will need to acquire new solutions and adapt its in-service capabilities to ensure interoperability with the Canadian Armed Forces.
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Air Warfare
Italy boosts UAV fleet with Jump-20 procurement and ScanEagle additions
22nd April 2025
The Jump-20 uncrewed aerial systems (UAS) procurement will replace Italy’s RQ-7 Shadow UAS fleet.
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Naval Warfare
ST Engineering to supply the Republic of Singapore Navy with counter-mine systems
8th May 2025
Singapore Technologies Engineering (ST Engineering) will supply uncrewed naval systems and supporting command and control equipment to support counter-mine operations with deliveries expected to begin in 2027.
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Air Warfare
Denmark looks to join NATO multi-role transport tanker pool
28th March 2025
The country sees the Netherlands and Luxembourg-led pool as a way to strengthen its air defence capabilities and support its combat fighter fleet.
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Naval Warfare
Japan’s record defence budget proposals prompt major reorganisation for navy
2nd October 2024
Despite a record budget proposal, Japan’s military force has continued to face staffing problems, while the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force readies itself for a major upheaval of its surface fleet.
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Air Warfare
Embraer and Denel to explore working on C-390 Millennium
7th April 2025
The South African aerospace and defence company has signed an MoU with Embraer to collaborate on manufacturing the aircraft as well as MRO work for the C-390 Millennium.
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Land Warfare
"The next industrial revolution": Pearson Engineering embraces autonomy and robotics
1st September 2025
In Conversation: Shephard’s Gerrard Cowan talks to Pearson Engineering group chief executive officer Ian Bell about how the company is turning to new technologies to provide critical protection and mobility for troops on the front line.
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Naval Warfare
US Navy orders improved SeaSparrow missiles
30th September 2024
ESSM Block 2 upgrade replaces the largely obsolete guidance section with a dual mode Active/Semi-Active X-Band seeker.
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Land Warfare
Patria completes test firing of new self-propelled gun as demand for systems grows
26th June 2025
Patria quotes a maximum rate of fire of eight rounds a minute from the new ARVE (ARtillery on VEhicle) self-propelled gun with a range of 40km for an assisted round. The rapid, low-risk development is designed to meet emerging requirements which have arisen out of the Ukraine war.
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Air Warfare
AUSA 2025: AeroVironment showcases new variant of Switchblade loitering munition family
15th October 2025
The new Switchblade 400 was on display alongside new variants of existing drones: the Switchblade 600 Block 2 and Switchblade 300 Block 20.
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Land Warfare
The power of partnership: GDMS–UK deepens cooperation with the British Army
25th June 2025
In Conversation: Shephard's Gerrard Cowan talks to General Dynamics Mission Systems–United Kingdom’s Chris Burrows about how the company's UK TacCIS business is reshaping battlefield communications through sustained customer engagement, accelerated innovation and ecosystem collaboration.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Destroyers
DDX Programme (1-2) [Italy]
Programme Background Requirements Destroyers are fundamental to Italy's blue water fleet and will be required to be capable of projecting capability at sea from the ...
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Maritime patrol
P-8 Poseidon [South Korea]
Programme Background South Korea is facing an imminent submarine threat from North Korea. The Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN) is operating an aging fleet of P-3C ...
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Naval: shipboard communication systems
Naval: shipboard communication systems | Columbia Class Submarine (3-12)
The Columbia (SSBN-826) class program is to design and build a new class of 12 ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) to replace the Navy’s current force of 14 ...
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Destroyers
Maya Class (27DDG) (1-2) [Japan]
Programme Background The 27DD Maya class destroyers were previously known as the Improved Atago class because they are an addition to the existing two Atago-class destroyers that have entered service. ...
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Destroyers
Joint Strike Ship [South Korea]
Programme Background Requirements The third element of South Korea's "Three Axis System" - a complex of measures designed to track, detect, and eliminate an adversary’s ballistic missiles and ...
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Submarines nuclear, ballistic missile
Dreadnought Class (Successor Programme) (1-4) [UK]
Programme Background Requirements The Dreadnought-class, prior to being named in October 2016, was known as the Successor programme, which was approved by the government in May ...
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Military helicopters - multirole
H-145M (Serbia)
Serbia's aircraft will be equipped with a fast roping system, high-performance camera, fire support equipment, ballistic protection as well as an electronic countermeasures system. The ...
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Destroyers
Future Destroyers - ASEV (1-2) [Japan]
Programme Background Requirements Following the Maya-class destroyers, the JMSDF will not just maintain the destroyer units they operate already but will receive two new destroyer platforms. ...
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Destroyers
Sejong the Great Class (KDX-III) Batch 2 (1-3) [South Korea]
Programme Background Requirements The Sejong the Great class (KDX-III) Batch 2 will consist of three improved Sejong the Great-class (KDX-III) batch 1 guided-missile destroyers, which ...
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Fighter - multirole
F-X III Phase II (F-35) [South Korea]
Programme Background On 14 September 2014, South Korea signed an FMS contract under the first phase of F-X III programme to supply 40 F-35As for ...
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ISR/special mission
P-1 EW [Japan]
Programme Background Requirement Japan has operated the EP-3, a COMINT/SIGINT/ELINT configuration of the P-3 Orion, since 1993. As of 2024, the Japanese MoD maintains that these aircraft ...
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Submarines nuclear, ballistic missile
Type 094A (Jin Class) 7-12
Programme Background The Type 094 nuclear ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) was developed for the PLAN to follow on from the single 1980s-vintage Type 092 Xia-class ...
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Frigates
Jinnah Class frigates [Pakistan]
Programme Background Requirements Specifications are not yet known because they are still in the design stage, though they will integrate a more diverse selection of ...
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ISR/special mission
E-6 TACAMO Recapitalisation Programme (E-130J) [USN]
Programme Background The E-6 Take Charge and Move Out (TACAMO) Recapitalisation Programme (E-XX) provides for air vehicle replacement and mission systems modernization to augment and eventually ...
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Naval: Combat Management Systems
Naval: Combat Management Systems | Joint Strike Ship [South Korea]
South Korea is reportedly seeking to acquire up to three Joint Strike Ships as part of its "Three Axis System". The Joint Strike Ship (JSS) is ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Major networking projects
Ballistic Missile Defence
In early 2010, NATO acquired the first phase of an initial theatre ballistic missile defence capability to protect alliance forces.
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Submarines nuclear, ballistic missile
Arktur Next Generation SSBN
At Army 2022 defence exposition, Rubin Design Bureau unveiled the next-generation ballistic missile submarine concept. Known as Arktur, the submarine features a stealth design and ...
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Major networking projects
Missile Defence
In 2010, NATO rolled out an initial capability to protect alliance forces against missile threats and is now examining options for protecting territory and populations. ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
SM-2 Block IV (RIM-156A)
The SM-2 Block IV (RIM-156A) is an extended-range surface-to-air missile developed by the United States Navy for fleet area air defence and terminal phase ballistic ...
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Land: air defence radar
AN/TPY-2
The Army Navy/Transportable Radar Surveillance (AN/TPY-2) is an X-band missile defence radar that can detect, classify and track ballistic missiles. It uses an AESA antenna comprising 25.344 T/R ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System
The Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) System, developed by the United States, provides advanced sea-based and land-based protection against ballistic missile threats. Using the AN/SPY-1 ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
9M82M
The 9M82M (NATO reporting name SA-23a 'Giant') is a Russian medium-range, surface-to-air missile designed to destroy tactical ballistic missiles. The development of the 9M82M missile, part of ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
Arrow Weapon System
The Arrow air defence system was jointly developed by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) and Boeing under the oversight of Israel's Ministry of Defense and the ...
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Major networking projects
C2BMC
Command, Control, Battle Management and Communications (C2BMC) is the integrating element of the US Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) for global missile defence. C2BMC links ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
L-SAM ABM (Block I)
The L-SAM system's anti-ballistic missile (ABM) interceptor is a three-stage missile designed to neutralize incoming ballistic missiles during their terminal phase. It employs a hit-to-kill ...
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Sea: naval fire control radar
AN/SPY-1 air search radar
Aegis isan integrated missile guidance system used on USN and allied ships to performanti-air and ballistic missile defence missions. The S-band phased-array AN/SPY-1D(V) radar acquires ...
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Destroyers
Akizuki Class
The Akizuki-class (19DD) destroyers are escort ships for the Japan Maritime Self-Defence Force (JMSDF). They are designed to accompany Japan’s new Hyuga—and Izumo-class helicopter carriers ...
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Surface-to-air missiles
L-SAM AAM (Block I)
The L-SAM system's anti-aircraft missile (AAM) interceptor is a three-stage missile designed to target high-altitude threats such as aircraft and cruise missiles. It boasts an operational range ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range, Self-propelled missile systems
S-300V (SA-12 Gladiator)
The SA-12 Gladiator, part of the S-300V air defence system, is a long-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) system developed by the Soviet Union in the late ...
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Sea: naval surveillance radar
KRONOS Power Shield
The KRONOS Power Shield is an early warning naval radar manufactured by Leonardo. It is primarily designed for ballistic missile defence and surveillance. The main ...