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Air Warfare
The 2020s: a decade of UAV spending growth
13th August 2026
Total annual drone spending has increased nearly sixfold since the start of the decade, from $2.9 billion in 2020 to $16.3 billion in 2028, with Europe leading the rise.
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Naval Warfare
Rheinmetall’s GMF 140: Ambitious frigate or market misfit?
6th August 2026
Rheinmetall has unveiled its first next-generation frigate design, showing ambitions to compete as a surface combatant prime contractor. While the company is targeting North America, analysts believe the concept may be better positioned for future European programmes.
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Naval Warfare
Japan’s FY2027 budget bets on stand-off systems to offset demographic decline
9th September 2026
Japan’s FY2027 defence budget backs stand-off strike, a 17-aircraft MQ-9B buy and a declared bid to lead the world in uncrewed maritime assets, alongside new frigates, submarines and support ships.
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Naval Warfare
US weighs offshore warship production due to industrial limits
12th June 2026
A Pentagon push to procure warships from Japanese and South Korean shipyards could reshape allied naval industrial strategy, but critics warn the approach risks hollowing out the domestic base Washington is seeking to restore.
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Naval Warfare
South Korea, Japan and Turkey vie for US shipbuilding access in future frigate contest
10th September 2026
Washington’s search for a foreign-built frigate could hand South Korea, Japan and Turkey a larger prize than a double-hull order: a foothold inside the US shipbuilding industrial base.
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Naval Warfare
A400M trial demonstrates airborne deployment of uncrewed surface vessel
31st July 2026
Kraken Technology Group’s A400M airdrop of a K3 Scout uncrewed surface vessel points to a new way for navies to insert USVs into contested waters, bypassing ports and motherships.
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Land Warfare
AUSA 2026: Hanwha receives howitzer top-up order to meet US Army’s fast delivery demand
7th October 2026
Less than two months after winning a contract from the US Army for six prototype K9 mobile howitzers, Hanwha Defense USA has received an order for another three. The company will show a platform at AUSA 2026.
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Air Warfare
North American appetite for European AEW&C aircraft bolstered as Canada picks GlobalEye
3rd June 2026
Canada’s selection of Saab’s GlobalEye to fulfil its airborne early warning requirements draws the country closer to European industry over American-made platforms, snubbing Boeing and L3Harris.
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Air Warfare
Saab’s GlobalEye gains ground as Canada’s aircraft procurement tilts towards Europe
2nd October 2026
Canada’s interest in negotiating a procurement of Saab’s GlobalEye airborne early warning and control aircraft signals its readiness to reduce its reliance on US defence technology as trade tensions with its North American neighbour mount.
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Naval Warfare
Is South Korea finally being taken seriously for Western submarine programmes?
2nd December 2025
South Korean shipbuilders are beginning to make their mark beyond Asia, competing for major North American and European submarine programmes and becoming serious contenders on a global scale.
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Air Warfare
How defence sovereignty is driving middle power jet programmes
25th May 2026
While moving away from US-made equipment towards home-grown options is a rising preference for some countries, there are multiple hurdles to overcome to compete with the US’s expansive global footprint and dominance.
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Naval Warfare
German Navy’s Israeli missile test points to deepening defence-industrial ties
3rd September 2026
The test-firing of an Israel Aerospace Industries LORA ballistic missile from a German vessel highlights the Bundeswehr’s focus on speed to capability as it trials Israel’s operationally proven technology.
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Defence Notes
US seeks 32% boost for missile defence budget with $23 billion earmarked for interceptors
22nd April 2026
The Pentagon’s proposed budget for the next fiscal year includes an impressive increase in the procurement of interceptors, with the number of the US Army’s PAC-3 MSE rounds expanding by 683%, the US Navy’s Standard Missile by 365% and the MDA’s SM-3 IIA by more than 1,000%.
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Air Warfare
Canada targets 2028 operational debut for AIM-9X and AIM-120D missiles
18th August 2026
The missile programmes form part of a broader effort to strengthen Canadian air-combat readiness as the RCAF transitions from the CF-188 to the F-35A and rebuilds its operational weapons stocks.
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Land Warfare
World Defense Show 2026: Hanwha increases Middle East presence and reveals Tigon 6x6 sale
13th February 2026
Shephard sat down with Hanwha Middle East and Africa president Sung Il at World Defense Show 2026 to hear about the company’s plans for the region and how it plans to use local industry success to win deals.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Maritime patrol
P-8 Poseidon [South Korea]
Programme Background South Korea is facing an imminent submarine threat from North Korea. The Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN) is operating an aging fleet of P-3C ...
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Directed energy weapons
Cheongwang [South Korea]
Background South Korea will produce the Laser-Based Anti-Aircraft Weapon Block-I (Cheongwang) for the Republic of Korea Armed Forces. The laser weapons will be deployed and ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
Cheongung Block II [South Korea]
Background South Korea launched a plan to convert its Cheongung-I systems to the M-SAM Block II configuration. It was announced in July 2025 that it ...
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Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range
Cheongung Block III [South Korea]
Background South Korea's Defense Project Promotion Committee approved the basic strategy for the development of M-SAM Block III (Cheongung Block III). The system will modernise South Korea's ...
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Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range
L-SAM-II Prototype [South Korea]
Background In June 2025, it was announced that South Korea had awarded a $144 million contract with Hanwha Aerospace to develop a prototype for the L-SAM-II high-altitude surface-to-air missile ...
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Loitering munitions
Small-Sized Suicide Drones [South Korea]
Programme Background Drone Ambition As reported by Shephard, South Korea has ambitions to possess a large arsenal of drones. In May 2024, the presidential office ...
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Military UAS - HALE
RQ-4 Global Hawk [South Korea]
Background Requirments Seoul required UAS assets to help monitor its neighbour to the north and, increasingly, Chinese activities in waters and in the air near ...
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Loitering munitions
Loitering Munitions (Special Mission Brigade) [South Korea]
Programme Background Drone Ambition As reported by Shephard, South Korea has ambitions to possess a large arsenal of drones. In May 2024, the presidential office ...
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Fighter - multirole
F-X III Phase II (F-35) [South Korea]
Programme Background On 14 September 2014, South Korea signed an FMS contract under the first phase of F-X III programme to supply 40 F-35As for ...
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CUAS - interceptors
P-1 Sun C-UAS [Japan]
Background In June 2026, Japan announced plans to install interceptor drone systems by 2027 at radar sites, bases, vessels, and other critical locations, joining a global ...
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Frigates
Daegu Class (FFX Batch II) [South Korea]
Programme Background The Incheon and Daegu classes are part of a re-capitalisation effort to replace the older Pohang-class corvettes and Ulsan-class frigates with a new FFX class ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
KAAV II
Programme Background The Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN) operates one Dokdo-class amphibious assault ship and has launched another to support provide operational lift for the ROKMC. ...
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AEW&C
AEW&C Aircraft [South Korea]
Programme Background Requirement The requirement was initially reported in 2016 when it was noted as being part of a long-term development plan, however, reports from ...
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OPVs
Taepyungyang Class (15) [South Korea]
Programme Background Timeline The South Korean Coast Guard (KGC) currently operates 13 Taepyungyang-class large patrol vessels, also referred to as offshore patrol vessels (OPV), but ...
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Destroyers
Joint Strike Ship [South Korea]
Programme Background Requirements The third element of South Korea's "Three Axis System" - a complex of measures designed to track, detect, and eliminate an adversary’s ballistic missiles and ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Surface-to-surface missiles
Hwasong-7 (Nodong-1)
The Hwasong-7 is a North Korean tactical ballistic missile based on the Hwasong-6. It has the NATO reporting name Scud D. It was designed with ...
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CUAS - interceptors
Drone Killer
The Uconsystem Drone Killer was unveiled in October 2015 and was developed in response to a UAV threat from North Korea, which saw four North ...
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Surface-to-surface missiles
Hwasong-6
The Hwasong-6 is a North Korean tactical ballistic missile based on the Hwasong-5, which itself is based on the Soviet R-17 Elbrus. Its NATO reporting ...
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Fast attack/patrol craft and interceptors
Gumdoksuri Class (PKX-A)
The Gumdoksuri-class fast attack craft, also known as the PKX-A-class, was designed to replace the Republic of Korea Navy's ageing fleet of Sea Dolphin-class vessels ...
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Artillery rockets
K33
K33 is a 130 mm unguided artillery rocket developed by South Korean Hanwha for the K136 Kooryong MLRS and currently in use with the K239 ...
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Military UAS - MALE
Saetbyol-4
North Korea unveiled two drones at the Weapons and Equipment Exhibition 2023 in Pyongyang on 2 August One drone, which appears to be called the Saetbyol-4, ...
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Destroyers
Sejong the Great Class (KDX-III/HDD-10000) Batch 1
The Sejong the Great-class destroyers were built for the Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN) as the third iteration of its KDX continuous destroyer construction programme ...
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Light UGVs
SCOBOT 200
The SCOBOT 200 is a larger, two-tracked version of the SCOBOT 100 (see separate entry). It can be used for EOD tasks. It was tested ...
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Destroyers
Maya Class (27DD)
The Maya-class (27DD) destroyers are the latest in a long line of modern destroyer classes for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF). Well aware of ...
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Military UAS - MALE
Saetlbyol-9
North Korea unveiled two drones at the 2023 Weapons and Equipment Exhibition in Pyongyang on 2 August 2023. One drone, the Saetlbyol-9, or Morning Star-9, ...
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Directed energy weapons
Cheongwang
The Anti-Aircraft Laser Weapon System, Block-I (Cheongwang) is a laser weapon system developed by Hanwha Aerospace. The system can strike small drones and multicopters at ...
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Corvettes
Hainan Class (Type 037)
The Hainan-class (Type 037) class is a range of corvette-sized vessels, mostly in service with the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy, which cover a range ...
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Frigates
Krivak Class
The Krivak-class (Project 1135) frigates first entered service in 1970 and various types of the class have entered service, particularly the Indian Navy's Talwar-class (see ...
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Anti-ship missiles
HY-2/C-201
The HY-2/C-201, NATO reporting name CSS-C-3 Seersucker, is a Chinese liquid-fuel rocket-powered anti-ship cruise missile developed as an evolution of the earlier HY-1 missile. The ...
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Anti-ship missiles
SSM-700K Haeseong (C-Star)
The SSM-700K Haeseong, also known as the C-Star, is a surface-launched, anti-ship cruise missile. It was designed as a replacement for the Hae Ryong anti-ship ...
