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Naval Warfare
US Coast Guard Cutter Polar Star’s 50-year service highlights capability gaps in Antarctica
28th January 2026
Delays in the construction of the Polar Security Cutter – the future substitute for the Polar Star – are likely to prolong the ageing icebreaker’s service time even more, putting the USCG in a risky position.
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Air Warfare
Switzerland faces procurement shake-up with reduced F-35 buy and five-year Patriot delays
9th March 2026
The reduction in the number of planned F-35A aircraft from 36 to 30 by the Swiss government comes due to budget constraints, with no firm plans to fill the gap despite “negative consequences”.
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Land Warfare
US Army orders more upgraded Bradleys as transformation threatens other programmes
3rd December 2025
Compared to previous versions of the vehicle, the Bradley M2A4 upgrade includes an uprated suspension, a more powerful engine, an independent commander’s sight, a more capable electronic architecture and improved networking capabilities.
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Air Warfare
Avalon 2025: Australia reimagines Ghost Bat as a proving platform and targets future versions
24th March 2025
Now known as the MQ-28 Ghost Bat, the Loyal Wingman notably kept close to promised deadlines such as first flight in February 2021, in spite of originally being promised for 2020.
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Defence Notes
US National Security Strategy prioritises advanced military capabilities and national industry
9th December 2025
The 2025 NSS has emphasised investment in the US nuclear and air defence inventory and national industry, but it leaves multiple unanswered questions on how the White House will implement this approach.
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Naval Warfare
US Navy seeks new sensors for the CH-53K King Stallion heavy-lift helicopter
10th December 2025
The US Navy intends to publish a draft request for proposals in Q2 2026 and conduct an open competition for the supply of new electro-optical and infrared capabilities for the CH-53K heavy-lift helicopter.
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Land Warfare
IDEX 2025: India’s Kalyani brings latest 155mm gun to Abu Dhabi
20th February 2025
The MArG 45 wheeled self-propelled artillery system has made it debut at IDEX 2025 but has yet to enter production.
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Naval Warfare
Raytheon unveils details of its proposal for the US Navy/NATO ESSM Next Significant Variant
30th January 2026
In an exclusive interview with Shephard, Raytheon’s VP of Shipboard Missiles disclosed what improvements the company plans to offer for the Sea Sparrow NSV.
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Air Warfare
US Pentagon pursues industry input to address drones’ payload and navigation limitations
14th January 2026
The US Department of Defence along with its services and agencies have been increasing efforts to enhance the uncrewed aerial vehicle capabilities to succeed in future warfare.
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Land Warfare
British Army details Ajax plans
28th April 2025
Of the six variants in the Ajax programme – reconnaissance (Ajax), reconnaissance support (Ares), C2 (Athena), equipment repair (Apollo), equipment recovery (Atlas) and engineering reconnaissance (Argus) – the Ajax reconnaissance version is now entering service.
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Defence Notes
High tension in the High North – a wake-up call for NATO’s future Arctic defence efforts?
20th January 2026
Any potential ‘Arctic Sentry’ mission would be months in the planning, but with tensions high in the region given the US’s push for Greenland, NATO countries will need to continue to emphasise their commitment to the region, analysts have said.
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Land Warfare
IDEX 2025: Hanwha looks to a proven template as it plans further international expansion
24th February 2025
Hanwha Aerospace global defense CEO Michael Coulter was appointed to the seat just over two months ago. He sat down with Shephard at last week’s IDEX 2025 to outline his vision for how the company is looking to grow its footprint in the US and Europe.
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Air Warfare
US Air Force to increase JASSM anti-interference and accuracy capabilities
24th March 2026
The USAF is conducting market research to inform the procurement process for a new GPS/GNSS M-code receiver for the JASSM.
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Air Warfare
US Army command’s Picatinny CLIK common lethal drone interface makes progress
10th December 2025
The Picatinny Common Lethality Integration Kit is designed to overcome the issue of unique integration methods between lethal payloads and drones as well as avoiding problematic acquisition conditions created by vendor lock.
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Land Warfare
Modern militaries crawl towards electrification of the battlefield
12th March 2025
Full electrification of their land and air vehicles may be beyond modern militaries for now. But how close are they to the tipping point of the widespread use of electric vehicles?
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
Land 400 Phase 3 (Logistics, Ammunition Carrier and Mortar Carrier Variants) [Australia]
Programme Background The Australian DoD released the initial RfI for the Land 400 Phase 3 programme in November 2015. Following consultations with local industry, the ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
Land 400 Phase 3 (Amphibious Vehicles) [Australia]
Programme Background The Australian DoD released the initial RfI for the Land 400 Phase 3 programme in November 2015. Following consultations with local industry, the ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Drone40 (Ukraine Aid) [Australia]
Programme Background In August 2022, the Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI), a think tank, held a podcast with Ukraine's ambassador to Australia, Vasyl Myroshnychenko, in which ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A2 SEPv3 Abrams [Poland]
Programme Background Requirement Since the early 2010s Poland wanted to upgrade its Soviet-era tank fleet due to modernisation requirements, the need to increase interoperability with NATO ...
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Landing craft and hovercraft
Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel - Medium (Project Land 8710 Phase 1A) [Australia]
Programme Background Requirements Australia has set out requirements for a fleet of up to 18 Littoral Manoeuvre Vessels - Medium (LMV-M) with the release of ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
Land 400 Phase 2 - Boxer CRV [Australia]
Programme Background History The Land 400 Phase 2 programme will procure a replacement for the ASLAV, a derivative of the General Dynamics Land Systems Light Armoured Vehicle ...
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Main battle tanks
Leopard 2A4 [Czech Republic]
Programme Background The Czech Republic currently operates a small fleet of T-72s, which, while undergoing upgrades and life extension programmes, are increasingly obsolete. In October ...
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Submarines: nuclear/attack
Second Hand SSNs [Australia]
Programme Background Timeline In September 2021, it was announced in a trilateral announcement between Australia, the US and the UK that Australia, in a shock ...
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Naval: Combat Management Systems
Naval: Combat Management Systems | AUKUS-SSNs (1-5) [Australia]
In September 2021, it was announced in a trilateral announcement between Australia, the US and the UK that Australia, in a shock move, will not ...
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Naval: shipboard communication systems
Naval: shipboard communication systems | AUKUS-SSNs (1-5) [Australia]
In September 2021, it was announced in a trilateral announcement between Australia, the US and the UK that Australia, in a shock move, will not ...
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Main battle tanks
Viatura Blindada de Combate-Carro de Combate (VBC-CC) [Brazil]
Programme Background Several key technical requirements have been outlined by the Brazilian MoD. Among the most important are that the platform should weigh less than ...
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Medium UGVs
Mission Master (RPV Sprial 2) [UK]
Programme Background First announced in April 2017 and referred to in early MOD documents as the ‘last mile resupply’ initiative, the British Army is reportedly ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A1 Abrams (Ukraine Aid) [Australia]
Programme Background Since the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Australia has been amongst the various Western allies providing Ukraine with military aid. Prior ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Project Air 7003 [Australia]
Programme Background Requirement The Royal Australian Air Force has been without a UAS capability since the Heron was withdrawn in mid-2017. According to Defence Minister Linda Reynolds, ...
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Submarines: nuclear/attack
AUKUS-SSNs (1-5) [Australia]
Programme Background AUKUS Australia announced on 16 September 2021 that the contract with Naval Group signed in 2016 had been cancelled. Although not a surprising ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
Carl-Gustaf M3
The Carl-Gustaf M3 is the third generation of the 84mm shoulder-fired recoilless antitank gun, first fielded by the Swedish Army in 1946. Since then, it ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120mm KE DM63 / DM53 A1 Tank Ammunition
The 120mm kinetic energy tank ammunition is manufactured by Rheinmetall. There are several variations of the ammunition, including the DM63, which can be fired from ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120MM HEAT-TP F1A
Franco-German KNDS-Nexter produce the 120mm High-Explosive Anti-Tank Training-Purpose F1A (HEAT-TP F1A) round to enable reduced-cost training for Main Battle Tank crews.
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
120mm PELE Tank Ammunition
The 120mm Penetrator with Enhanced Lateral Effect (PELE) tank ammunition is an inert round produced by Rheinmetall. It is suitable for use against semi-hard targets ...
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Main battle tanks
M1/M1A1 Abrams
The 105mm-armed M1 Abrams tracked MBT was introduced into US Army service in 1980 as a replacement for the 105mm-armed M60 MBT. In April 1991, ...
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S-64 Helitanker Fire-fighting Equipment
Erickson's 10,031l tank for the S-64 helitanker drops water, retardant or foam mix at a rate of around 95l/h. Microprocessor-controlled tank doors offer eight individual ...
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Light mortars
60mm Mortar Ammunition
US-based LD Systems' 60mm Mortar ammunition fulfils the NATO standard for lightweight mortar ammunition.
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Naval: RF/IR/acoustic decoys
Nulka
The Nulka is an active anti-ship missile decoy originally conceived in Australia, and developed under a joint Australian-US programme. BAE Systems Australia is prime contractor, while ...
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
120mm L55A1
The 120mm L55A1 is a smoothbore high-pressure gun based on the L55 tank gun. The L55A1 has been qualified and in service since 2019. It ...
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Crew-served assault/anti-tank weapons
120mm L55 Tank Gun
The 120mm L55 is a smoothbore tank gun produced by Rheinmetall. It is designed for use on the Leopard main battle tank, to which it ...
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Main battle tanks
M1A2 SEPv3
The M1A2 System Enhancement Package 3 (M1A2 SEPv3, also known as M1A2C) is the latest production-standard variant of the Abrams MBT. Designed primarily to address ...
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
M1147 Advanced Multi-Purpose (AMP)
The M1147 Advanced Multi-Purpose (AMP) is a 120mm tank round developed by Northrop Grumman Defence Systems. Various customers, including Bahrain, Israel, and the US, use the tank ...
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Unguided Medium Calibre Ammunition
Next Generation Combat Vehicle Ammunition
The Next Generation Combat Vehicle Ammunition (NGVA) is a family of ammunition being developed by the US Army's Armaments Center and manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems ...
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Submarines: nuclear/attack
SSN AUKUS
The SSN-AUKUS will be the submarine design resulting from the AUKUS trilateral pact between Australia, the US and the UK. Expected to incorporate technology from ...
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Land: tactical engagement simulators
CVTESS
Saab's Combat Vehicle Tactical Engagement Simulation System (CVTESS) is a laser-based simulator which supports every version of the Abrams Main Battle Tank and the Bradley ...
