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Land Warfare
AUSA 2023: More firepower for M5 Ripsaw RCV
10th October 2023
Textron Systems’ M5 Ripsaw RCV has undergone a series of optimisations as revealed at AUSA 2023 in Washington DC.
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Naval Warfare
Upgrades to Holland-class OPVs pushed back a year
6th October 2023
The Royal Netherlands Navy’s (RNLN’s) four Holland-class Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPVs) will begin a mid-life upgrade (MLU) programme in 2025, a year later than planned.
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Naval Warfare
Greek frigate launch heralds Hellenic Navy modernisation
11th October 2023
The launch of the first of three new Kimon-class (FDI HN) frigates for Greece on 4 October 2023 at French shipyard Naval Group represents the beginning of a significant recapitalisation of the Hellenic Navy fleet, which is in urgent need of modernisation.
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Uncrewed Vehicles
NATO uncrewed maritime exercise under way off the coast of Portugal
21st September 2023
Twenty-five navies, eight NATO entities and more than thirty companies and universities are currently involved in Robotic Experimentation Prototyping Augmented by Maritime Unmanned Systems Exercise 2023 (REPMUS 23), held off the coast of Portugal until 29 September.
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Defence Notes
Can the Pentagon counter China and Russia’s weapons of mass destruction?
14th November 2023
The recent advances in military programmes in China, Iran, North Korea and Russia has put US capacity to counter nuclear and biological threats in check.
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Naval Warfare
Corvette collaboration – how Europe is pooling skills and funds in a time of need
13th September 2023
When it comes to security, NATO tends to make the headlines more often than the EU. Yet since the war in Ukraine broke out, there has been a quiet but determined strengthening of purely European defence. And it starts with budgets.
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Land Warfare
As the Ukraine war passes the 18-month mark, how are NATO’s factories meeting the artillery challenge?
18th September 2023
NATO is rapidly increasing its supply of equipment to Ukraine in a number of key areas including tube artillery and, crucially, its ammunition. Shephard analyses how the alliance's members are stepping up to this challenge after years of industrial neglect.
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Naval Warfare
Australia to respond to surface fleet review in 2024
2nd October 2023
The Australian government will receive the much-anticipated independent Royal Australian Navy surface fleet review today, but will not publish the document or its response until next year.
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Naval Warfare
Royal Navy's Type 31 frigate programme moves to multi-ship build phase
18th September 2023
Babcock International Group has achieved a significant milestone in the Royal Navy's Type 31 frigate programme by laying the keel for HMS Active, the second ship in the Inspiration class.
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Air Warfare
Ukraine lessons: is bringing an attack helicopter to a missile fight too dangerous?
15th September 2023
According to multiple OSINT sources, Russian forces have lost possibly as many as 200 rotary-wing aircraft since February 2022. Some of these occurred in early high-profile operations, but most have been attrition casualties during the ongoing fighting. Shephard analyses the nature of these losses, and what lessons NATO attack helicopter operators should draw.
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Land Warfare
Rheinmetall receives another artillery order worth hundreds-of-millions of dollars
10th October 2023
The latest order is for the delivery of over a hundred thousand 155mm shells from the group’s new Spanish subsidiary Rheinmetall Expal Munitions as well as additional DM 121 high-explosive rounds.
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Naval Warfare
Turkish Navy to address capability gaps with new OPV launches
26th September 2023
Turkey is asserting it naval shipbuilding credentials and place as a major maritime power with the delivery of three ships in one day.
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Air Warfare
Czech Republic commits to F-35 jets despite Saab's 'free' Gripen lease offer
2nd October 2023
Despite Saab's attractive Gripen lease extension offer, the decision to buy the F-35 underscores the Czech Republic's commitment to the latest technology and strengthens ties with NATO allies.
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Air Warfare
India to strengthen China and Pakistan borders with final S-400 SAM system deliveries
7th November 2023
India's full acquisition of its S-400 Triumf surface-to-air missile (SAM) systems has been fast approaching its final stages, as officials from India and Russia prepare work on finalising the delivery schedule for the last two squadrons.
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Land Warfare
US Marine Corps outlines next steps to improve synthetic training capabilities
6th December 2023
The service has shown an interest in a range of training solutions from individual to battalion levels and plans to award multiple contracts ahead of new programmes set to run from FY2024 to FY2031.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Fighter - multirole
MiG-35 (Russia)
The MiG-35 is a new-generation derivative of the twin-engine MiG-29 (NATO code-name ‘Fulcrum’) featuring multi-role combat capabilities, significantly reworked airframe and a vastly expanded arsenal ...
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Naval: Combat Management Systems
Naval: Combat Management Systems | Multirole Underwater Seabed Surveillance Ship (MU3S) [Italy]
In June 2024, during a presentation provided at the NATO Maritime Security Centre of Excellence (MARSEC COE), the Italian Navy detailed the new capabilities it ...
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Naval: shipboard communication systems
Naval: shipboard communication systems | Multirole Underwater Seabed Surveillance Ship (MU3S) [Italy]
In June 2024, during a presentation provided at the NATO Maritime Security Centre of Excellence (MARSEC COE), the Italian Navy detailed the new capabilities it ...
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Naval: Combat Management Systems
Naval: Combat Management Systems | SIGINT Vessel Procurement [Spain]
The Spanish Navy urges the replacement of the intelligence gathering ship Alerta, which has been in service since 1992. In April 2025, Spain released its upgraded ...
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Naval: shipboard communication systems
Naval: shipboard communication systems | SIGINT Vessel Procurement [Spain]
The Spanish Navy urges the replacement of the intelligence gathering ship Alerta, which has been in service since 1992. In April 2025, Spain released its upgraded ...
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Military UAS - rotary-wing, Military UAS - small
Jump 20 [Denmark]
Background 2020 Tender In January 2018, Denmark's three main political parties signed the Danish Defence Agreement, a cross-party defence white paper covering the period between ...
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Sealift/replenishment vessels
Joint Maritime Multi-Mission System (J3MS)/SIGINT Ship (2) [Italy]
Programme Background Requirements Since 2002, the Italian Navy has operated the SIGINT ship Elettra. The vessel, which is expected to remain in service until the ...
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AEW&C
Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (1-6) [NATO]
Programme Background NATO’s E-3A AWACS fleet is set to retire in 2035, after 50 years of service. To plan for the required follow-on capability, NATO's ...
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Sealift/replenishment vessels
Multirole Underwater Seabed Surveillance Ship (MU3S) [Italy]
Programme Background Requirements According to the presentation provided by the Italian Navy, the MultiroleUnderwater Seabed Surveillance Ship (MU3S) will:operate a wide range of uncrewed systems, ...
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Sealift/replenishment vessels
SIGINT Vessel Procurement [Spain]
Programme Background Requirements The Spanish Navy urges the replacement of the intelligence gathering ship Alerta, which has been in service since 1992. Prior to that, ...
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Air: Radio and SATCOM
Air: Radio and SATCOM | Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (1-6) [NATO]
NATO is estimated to procure up to 18 AEW aircraft under the Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (AFSC) programme to replace the current E-3 Sentry fleet when ...
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Data links
Data links | Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (1-6) [NATO]
NATO is estimated to procure up to 18 AEW aircraft under the Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (AFSC) programme to replace the current E-3 Sentry fleet when ...
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Air: Head-up displays
Air: Head-up displays | Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (1-6) [NATO]
NATO is estimated to procure up to 18 AEW aircraft under the Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (AFSC) programme to replace the current E-3 Sentry fleet when ...
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Transponders and IFF
Transponders and IFF | Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (1-6) [NATO]
NATO is estimated to procure up to 18 AEW aircraft under the Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (AFSC) programme to replace the current E-3 Sentry fleet when ...
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Military UAS - small
Puma 2 AE [Germany]
Programme Background The Germany navy had an urgent requirement for three UAS required for reconnaissance and identification in maritime operations. A platform was required that ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Unguided Medium Calibre Ammunition
MK244 Armour Piercing Discarding Sabot (APDS) Enhanced Lethality Cartridge (ELC)
MK244 Armour Piercing Discarding Sabot (APDS) Enhanced Lethality Cartridge (ELC) is a 20mm medium calibre round manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems.
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Anti-ship missiles, Surface-to-surface missiles
3M-54 Kalibr
The 3M-54 Kalibr, or Klub (NATO reporting name: SS-N-27 'Sizzler'), is a Russian surface ship and submarine-launched anti-ship and land-attack cruise missile.
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Light machine guns
LSAT LMG
Textron Systems Unmanned Systems is developing and maturing a Lightweight Small Arms Technologies (LSAT) family of weapons and ammunition with the US Army that fires ...
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Unguided Medium Calibre Ammunition
MK149 Armor-Piercing Discarding Sabot
The MK149 Armor-Piercing Discarding Sabot (APDS) is a 20mm medium calibre round manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems.
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Air-to-surface missiles, Anti-ship missiles
Kh-31
The Kh-31 (NATO reporting name AS-17 Krypton) is a Russian anti-ship missile that is known for its anti-radiation (Kh-31P) and anti-ship (Kh-31A) versions.
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
105mm M490 Target Practice - Tracer
The 105mm M490 Target Practice - Tracer is a tank training round manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems.
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Naval: COMINT and ELINT systems
Flat Track
The Flat Track (NATO reporting name) is a barrage and deception radar jamming system that is able to counter anti-ship missiles.
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Assault rifles/carbines/shotguns
6.5mm CT Carbine
The 6.5mm Cased Telescoped (CT) Carbine is a closed-bolt, forward-feed, gas piston-operated weapon being developed as part of the US Army's Lightweight Small Arms Technology ...
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Unguided Artillery Ammunition
105mm HE HB ER G3
The 105mm High Explosive (HE HB) extended range (ER) G3 ammunition round, manufactured by KNDS, is a part of the 105mm NATO standard shell family. ...
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Major networking projects
NATO SATCOM
Leonardo has been awarded a turnkey contract to rationalise and upgrade NATO’s SATCOM systems and associated infrastructure. The company will design, build, test, commission and ...
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Major networking projects
NATO DCIS
Airbus is delivering the NATO Deployable Communication and Information System (DCIS). The project represents a major upgrade in the capability of NATO Response Forces (NRF) ...
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Land: RWS
Qimek NATO
Rheinmetall's RWS family includes the Qimek single-weapon RWS and the Nanuk dual-weapon RWS. The Qimek NATO combines full stabilisation, long-range day/night all-weather sights and a ...
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Land: RWS
Nanuk NATO
Rheinmetall's RWS family includes the Qimek single-weapon RWS and the Nanuk dual-weapon RWS, which was introduced in 2008. The Nanuk NATO combines full stabilisation, long-range ...
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Unguided Medium Calibre Ammunition
20MM PGU-28 A/B Semi-Armor Piercing High Explosive Incendiary (SAPHEI)
The 20MM PGU-28 A/B Semi-Armor Piercing High Explosive Incendiary (SAPHEI) is a medium-calibre round manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems.
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Unguided Tank Ammunition
M724A2 Target Practice Discarding Sabot-Tracer
The M724A2 Target Practice Discarding Sabot-Tracer is a 105mm training tank round manufactured by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems. The US Army procured the 1,623 rounds ...
