• Defence Notes

  Unfolding the Golden Dome for America: Seven things you should know about the programme

  3rd June 2025

  Shephard talked to multiple experts about the most pressing concerns and considerations regarding the air defence system advocated by President Trump.

• Naval Warfare

  HALO programme decommissioned by US Navy in favour of LRASM upgrades

  22nd April 2025

  The programme was due to be at full operational capability in the US Navy by 2031, but has been pulled over cost and timeline concerns.

• Land Warfare

  Hanwha contracted to develop radar for South Korean missile defence

  30th April 2025

  Hanwha will develop the multi-function radar of the Low Altitude Missile Defense (LAMD), work which is scheduled to be completed before the end of 2028.

• Land Warfare

  QinetiQ awarded contract for further work on lasers, future systems and energy weapons

  6th May 2025

  Notable projects under the Weapons Sector Research Framework (WSRF) contract include the British Army determining the impact of a vehicle-mounted laser weapon on drones and testing a vehicle-mounted Radio Frequency Directed Energy Weapon (RFDEW).

• Naval Warfare

  Horizon-class vessels complete critical design review in mid-life upgrade

  8th April 2025

  The critical design review puts the vessels on course to be fully upgraded by the end of 2030.

• Air Warfare

  France to buy more Rafale jets and invest €1.5 billion in upgrading air base

  20th March 2025

  The Luxeuil Saint-Sauveur air base will be modernised to ensure it can host nuclear weapons as France continues efforts to boost its nuclear deterrence.

• Air Warfare

  Enhancing education: How CAE is embracing new technology to boost military training

  12th June 2025

  In Conversation... Shephard's Gerrard Cowan talks to CAE's Marc-Olivier Sabourin about how the training and simulation industry can help militaries achieve essential levels of readiness by leveraging new technology, innovative procurement methods and a truly collaborative approach.

• Air Warfare

  Second Hypersonic Test Bed flight completed for US Missile Defence Agency

  15th January 2025

  The US Missile Defence Agency (MDA) teamed up with other Department of Defense organisations, industry and academia to conduct the test.

• Land Warfare

  What is preventing the Pentagon from fielding emerging missile defence technologies?

  11th February 2025

  Issues related to low budgets and the slow speed of development programmes are among the main obstacles the US DoD must overcome in respect to missile procurement and deployment.

• Naval Warfare

  North Korea claims to have its first nuclear submarine

  17th March 2025

  If its claims are true, the submarine could have a significant impact on other navies in the region and potentially on US foreign policy.

• Land Warfare

  Trump orders the fast implementation of next-gen air and missile defence capabilities

  29th January 2025

  The US government has ordered the acceleration of the development and deployment of solutions to counter ballistic, hypersonic and advanced cruise missiles.

• Naval Warfare

  US approves $900 million missile sale to the Japan Maritime Self Defence Force

  3rd February 2025

  The sale would advance the JMSDF’s ability to protect its assets and maintain peace in the Indo-Pacific region.

• Land Warfare

  Successful firing in next stage of US hypersonic missile tests

  13th December 2024

  The US Army and US Navy are working together on the development of the hypersonic missile which will have a speed of Mach 5.

• Air Warfare

  ITPS Canada selects Avioniq simulation technology for training

  13th January 2025

  With Avioniq’s AqLab and AqModel, students will be able to train using models of currently deployed missile types.

• Naval Warfare

  USS Zumwalt undocked after supersonic weapons upgrade

  10th December 2024

  The vessel will be the first in the US fleet to carry the Conventional Prompt Strike capability.

Programme Results - Defence Insight

• Medium Range Missile Defence Systems: 20-90km range

  Chu-SAM [Japan]

  Background Japan is procuring upgraded Type 03 Chu-SAM Kai air defence systems to strengthen its capability against ballistic and hypersonic threats. The systems meet Japan's ...

• Military UAS - HALE

  RangeHawk (RQ-4 Global Hawk) [US]

  Background Contract award Northrop Grumman announced in May 2026 that it had secured a $325.5 million contract from the US Army to develop the RangeHawk ...

• Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range

  Arrow 4 [Israel]

  Background As early as 2017, development work on what would become Arrow 4 was announced by Israel’s MAFAT Defense Research and Development Authority. MAFAT worked with ...

• Long Range Missile Defence Systems: > 90km range

  ADS-400 Long Range Air Defence [Indonesia]

  Background Faced with a national landscape that includes over 1700 islands and a growing threat from drones, hypersonic, ballistic, and cruise missiles, Indonesia signed an ...

• Destroyers

  Future Destroyers - ASEV (1-2) [Japan]

  Programme Background Requirements Following the Maya-class destroyers, the JMSDF will not just maintain the destroyer units they operate already but will receive two new destroyer platforms. ...

• Destroyers

  Type 83 Future Air Defence System (FADS) [UK]

  Programme Background Requirements The Daring-class (Type 45) consists of six ships, although the original plan was to have 12 destroyers. This was cut to eight in ...

• Cruisers

  Trump Class Battleship BBG(X) (1-2) [USN]

  Background Requirements In December 2025, President Donald Trump announced that the US would be building a new class of vessels under the "battleship" designation, called ...

• Frigates

  European Combat Vessel [Spain]

  Background Requirements The European Combat Vessel (ECV) is currently a conceptual project that seeks to design a European collaborative multi-mission, modular warship. As of March ...

• Cruisers

  Trump Class Battleship BBG(X) (3-15) [USN]

  Development Requirements In December 2025, President Donald Trump announced that the US would be building a new class of vessels under the "battleship" designation, called ...

• Frigates

  De Zeven Provinciën Class Replacement/LC Frigates [Netherlands]

  Programme Background Replacements The De Zeven Provinciën-class air defence and command platforms, which are in service with the Royal Netherlands Navy (RNLN), are expected to be ...

• Frigates

  F127 [Germany]

  Background Requirements The German Navy gave Shephard an update on the programme in October 2021. Germany expects to introduce the next-generation F127 frigate into service ...

Equipment Results - Defence Insight

• Anti-ship missiles

  Brahmos II

  The BrahMos-II is the hypersonic version of the BrahMos cruise missile family currently under joint development by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Russia's ...

• Surface-to-air missiles

  SkySonic

  The SkySonic is an advanced hypersonic missile interceptor developed by Israel's Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. Unveiled in June 2023, it is designed to counter the ...

• Anti-ship missiles, Surface-to-surface missiles

  3M22 Zircon

  The 3M22 Zircon, developed by Russia, is a hypersonic cruise missile representing a significant technological milestone in missile design and capability. According to the information ...

• Sea: naval surveillance radar

  Sea Giraffe 4A Fixed Face (FF)

  The Sea Giraffe 4A FF (Fixed Face) is the fixed panel radar version of the Sea Giraffe 4A rotating radar. The system is produced by ...

• Data links

  P1350

  P1350 are airborne-qualified IP data links that can operate at hypersonic speeds. Produced by BERTEN DSP, it provides ruggedised, low-SWaP tactical communications in electronic warfare environments. 

• Surface-to-air missiles, Surface-to-surface missiles

  SM-6 Block IB

  The SM-6 Block IB is an advanced iteration of the Standard Missile series, designed to enhance US Navy missile defence capabilities. Slated to be operational ...

• Air-to-surface missiles

  Mako

  Mako is an air-launched hypersonic missile developed by Lockheed Martin in collaboration with CoAspire. The missile was unveiled to the public for the first time ...

• Data links

  P4700

  The P4700 is an airborne-qualified IP data link produced by BERTEN. Suitable for hypersonic and high-attitude applications, it can be integrated into various platforms, including ...

• Data links

  P6000

  BERTEN P6000 are defence-grade IP data links that provide a light, compact, robust, and affordable solution for airborne, maritime, and ground communications.

• UAS: Integrated systems - uncrewed

  NavStorm-M

  BAE Systems' NavStorm-M is a gun-hardened, integrated anti-jamming and Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver for artillery rounds, bombs, missiles, and uncrewed systems. It was revealed ...

• Sea: naval surveillance radar

  SPY-6(V)4

  The SPY-6(V)4 Air and Missile Defence Radar is a surveillance radar manufactured by Raytheon. It is designed to defend against ballistic, hypersonic, and cruise missiles, ...

• Surface-to-air missiles

  Medium-range Surface-to-Air Missile Block III (M-SAM III)

  The Surface-to-Air Missile Block III (M-SAM Block III) is an advanced iteration of South Korea's medium-range air defence system. It is designed to enhance interception ...

• Directed energy weapons

  Megawatt-Scale LDEW (nLIGHT)

  nLIGHT's megawatt-scale laser weapon is currently under development as a part of the United States High Energy Laser Scaling Initiative (HELSI). The high-energy laser (HEL) has ...

• Military UAS - HALE

  MD-22

  The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) unveiled the near-space hypersonic technology testbed MD-22 at the Zhuhai Airshow in 2022. Capable of speeds of Mach 7, the ...

• Surface-to-air missiles

  Type 03 Chu-SAM/Chu-SAM Kai

  The Type 03 Chū-SAM, also known as the Type 03 Medium-Range Surface-to-Air Missile, is a highly advanced interceptor system developed by Mitsubishi Electric and Mitsubishi ...