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Land Warfare
AM General could send another Hawkeye to Ukraine
17th October 2024
Following a year on the front lines, another 2-CT Haweye MHS could be sent to Ukraine to join ongoing trials.
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Naval Warfare
How powerful is the US fleet of nuclear submarines compared to Russian capabilities?
7th August 2025
Although both countries still operate Cold War-era platforms, they possess capable nuclear-powered and armed submarines and are investing in the development of new, advanced capabilities.
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Land Warfare
Raytheon’s Stinger replacement completes subsystem trials with the US Army
19th February 2025
The company’s solution for the Next-Generation Short Range Interceptor programme passed through 10 tests.
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Land Warfare
Energy evolution: How laser defence systems are powering the next phase of air defence (podcast)
12th June 2025
Laser-based air defence is moving from promise to deployment as global threats evolve. In this special podcast, we explore how high-energy laser systems are reshaping interception strategies.
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Air Warfare
Netherlands commits €400 million into drones for Ukraine defence
8th October 2024
The Netherlands has already spent approximately €4 billion so far in military support to Ukraine.
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Land Warfare
Milrem to unveil new 8x8 UGV as THeMIS backlog grows
18th November 2024
Milrem unveiled the Tracked Hybrid Modular Infantry System (THeMIS) UGV in 2015. It has since developed improved variants and has worked with companies such as QinetiQ to present new versions.
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Naval Warfare
Indian naval crew awaits delayed Russian-built frigates
28th November 2024
India has been re-evaluating its naval capabilities as its maritime objectives continue to expand beyond the Indian Ocean.
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Land Warfare
Extra punch to be added to THeMIS UGV as production set to increase
29th January 2025
Milrem Robotics is looking to improve the lethality of its Tracked Hybrid Modular Infantry System (THeMIS) uncrewed ground vehicle (UGV), ramp up production and add an integration with uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs).
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Air Warfare
Air Warfare Review 2024: Budget cuts and delays fail to dampen modernisation efforts in 2024
10th December 2024
From major platform upgrades, high-value contract wins and programme delays, Shephard reported on a mixed year for air warfare in 2024, as geopolitical tensions rose across Europe and the Middle East.
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Defence Notes
UK defence budget increased to 2.5% by 2027 as geopolitical landscape darkens
25th February 2025
UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer raises defence spending, while both NATO and President Trump demand significant further increases.
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Land Warfare
IDEX 2025: Shifting sands – the Middle East’s defence landscape in flux (video)
13th February 2025
As Western influence wanes, Middle Eastern countries are leveraging defence modernisation to assert regional dominance, while global players such as China and Turkey seize new market opportunities. Sam Hart, Senior Land Analyst at Shephard Group, offers insights into how these developments are reshaping the region’s defence landscape.
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Naval Warfare
Why USNORTHCOM would struggle to defeat China in the Arctic
6th March 2025
Not having enough naval and C4ISR capabilities to patrol and monitor the region would the US at risk in a conflict with China in the Arctic region.
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Land Warfare
Romania opens the chequebook and reorganises as it watches Russian aggression
22nd November 2024
Romania is retiring old systems, some Soviet, and replacing them with western equipment from countries such as Sweden and Turkey and boosting existing modern fleets.
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Land Warfare
Patria lifts the lid on new FAMOUS armoured fighting vehicle
12th February 2025
One of the few new tracked armoured fighting vehicles (AFVs) to be shown in Paris at Eurosatory in June 2024 belonged to Patria. The vehicle is being developed as part of a multinational FAMOUS (Future Highly Mobile Augmented Armoured Systems) programme.
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Land Warfare
The power of partnership: GDMS–UK deepens cooperation with the British Army
25th June 2025
In Conversation: Shephard's Gerrard Cowan talks to General Dynamics Mission Systems–United Kingdom’s Chris Burrows about how the company's UK TacCIS business is reshaping battlefield communications through sustained customer engagement, accelerated innovation and ecosystem collaboration.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
RQ-35 Heidrun (Ukraine Aid) [Germany]
Programme Background Early 2024 On 28 March 2024, the German Federal Government provided an update on the military aid it had given to Ukraine. In ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Akinci [Ukraine]
Programme Background Two Export Contracts In January 2022, the Daily Sabah reported that Baykar had "recently" signed its first export contract for the Akinci. Haluk Bayraktar ...
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Loitering munitions
Switchblade 600 (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background $300 Million USAI (1 April 2022) On 1 April 2022, the US DoD announced a $300 million military aid package for Ukraine following ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - fixed-wing
Phoenix Ghost (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background Presidential Drawdown (21 April 2022) Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, on 21 April 2022, President Biden announced an $800 ...
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Patrol boats
FPB 98 (Ukraine)
Programme Background The international competition had been launched in the Spring of 2018 by the Ukrainian Ministry of Interior for the reinforcement of the State ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - small
AR3 (Ukraine Aid) [UK]
Background £270 Million investment On 15 September 2025, the UK MoD noted that, since the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the UK ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Bayraktar TB2 (Aid & Discounted Units) [Ukraine]
Programme Background Pre Invasion Units The Ukrainian Army purchased 12 TB2 units in January 2019 for a reported $69 million. Deliveries began in June 2019, ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
UX11 (Ukraine Aid) [France]
Programme Background First Batch On 6 September 2023, Sébastien Lecornu, the French Minister of Defence, announced Delair was providing Ukraine with more than 150 drones. ...
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Military UAS - rotary-wing, Military UAS - small
T-150 (Ukraine Aid) [UK]
Programme Background Virtual Address On 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine. On 3 May 2022, the UK's Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, virtually addressed the Ukrainian ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
CV90 [Ukraine - Forecast]
Programme Background Announced at the NATO Defense Ministers’ Meeting in Brussels in June 2023, Ukraine formally signed a Joint Declaration on Cooperation in the Procurement and Operation ...
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Loitering munitions
Switchblade 300 (Ukraine Aid) [US]
Programme Background Presidential Drawdown (16 March 2022 & 13 April 2022) On 16 March 2022, President Biden announced $800 million in security assistance to Ukraine through ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - mini, Military UAS - rotary-wing
FPV Drones (Ukraine Aid) [Lithuania]
Programme Background 3000 FPV Drones On 5 April 2024, the Lithuanian MoD announced it would purchase around 3,000 Lithuanian-made FPV drones to give to Ukraine to ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing
Drones (Ukraine Aid) [Norway]
Programme Background September 2024 On 3 September 2024, the Norwegian government announced that "Ukraine will get more drones donated to their frontline, and more air ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
Bison & Coyote (Ukraine Aid) [Canada]
Programme Background Since the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Canada has been one of several NATO countries to supply Ukraine with continuous support. ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Latvian Drones (2024) (Ukraine Aid) [Latvia]
Background Ukrainian Defence Contact Group (UDCG) In January 2024, the Ukrainian Defence Contact Group (UDCG), a multi-nation organisation that coordinates military aid for Ukraine, established a drone ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Vespa-15
The Vespa-15 is a first-person view (FPV) rotary-wing UAV manufactured by a Ukrainian company. In May 2025, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) of Ukraine announced it ...
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Loitering munitions, Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Shpak
Shpak is a mini rotary wing, FPV style, UAV manufactured by RSI Europe. Primarily designed to carry explosives, the drone was developed to help Ukraine ...
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Main battle tanks
T-80UD
The 125mm-armed T-80UD MBT is a variant of the T-80 which was in production in Ukraine when the Soviet Union broke up in 1991. An ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Pro
The Pro VTOL is a fixed-wing UAV from DeltaQuad. It is available in three models, the Map, View and Cargo variants, which primarily impact the attached payload. ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
REX
The REX is an in-development Ukrainian mini-attack drone. It can hold and subsequently drop various munitions weighing up to 10kg and can locate, fix, track, ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Observer-S
The Observer-S is a UAV produced by Def C of the Intecracy Group in Ukraine. Its main purpose is aerial survey and reconnaissance. It is ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Astero
Manufactured by Nordic Wing, the Astero is a fixed-wing mini UAV designed for ISR missions. The drone is equipped with a NightHawk 2 camera. In the ...
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Military UAS - micro, Military UAS - rotary-wing
Black Hornet 3
The Black Hornet 3 is the next generation of the PD-100 Black Hornet, the world's smallest nano-UAS. This new model of the Black Hornet provides ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - tactical
Patriot R2
The new-generation Patriot R2 UAS is used for military and civil/commercial applications and provides reconnaissance support. It was designed in response to fighting that occurred ...
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Loitering munitions
HF-1
The HF-1 is a loitering munition produced by Helsing in cooperation with Ukrainian companies. Germany is acquiring and supplying a vast quantity of the aircraft to Ukraine ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Cetus Lite
The Cetus Lite is a fixed-wing UAV from Abris Design Group. The company describes the aircraft as a mobile system that is hand-launched. It is ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - mini
Cetus Plus
The Cetus Plus is a fixed-wing UAV from Abris Design Group. The manufacturer describes it as a universal UAV designed to perform various tasks like photo ...
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Military UAS - rotary-wing
Beetle
The Beetle is a rotary-wing octocopter from Abris Design Group. According to the manufacturer, the UAV provides photo and video ISTAR and signal relay for first-person ...
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Air: Helmet-mounted displays
SURA HMTDS
SURA is a helmet-mounted display system produced in Ukraine. Notably, it offers off-boresight acquisition capability to pilots and can cue the aircraft's sensor systems using ...
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Aircraft carriers
Liaoning (Type 001)
Liaoning, China's first aircraft carrier, is a refurbished cold war-era aircraft carrier that was commissioned in 2012. The ship is a former Soviet Navy aircraft ...