Euronaval 2018: Spectre of Russian, Chinese expansion looms over naval planners
The twin spectres of China and Russia formed a regularly invoked backdrop to proceedings at the Euronaval conference on 22 October, as senior European naval officers and experts provided updates on national programmes and global strategic military trends.
Russia has embarked on a series of modernisation efforts of its armed forces – with the navy benefiting from new frigates and corvettes – while regularly conducting large-scale land exercises on its western borders with Europe.
The Russian Navy is busier than it has been for a generation, with regular deployments into the Atlantic and Mediterranean.
China meanwhile is attempting to establish
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